环境规制下农户感知对参与农业废弃物资源化利用意愿的影响

为提高农户农业废弃物资源化利用意愿，改善农村生态环境，顺应农民对美好人居环境的期待，本文基于河南、山东、四川、黑龙江4省693个农户的调研数据，建立多元有序Logistics模型，研究农户农业废弃物资源化利用价值与技能感知、成本收益感知与市场回收条件感知对其参与意愿的影响，并引入环境规制政策作为调节变量，分析了环境规制政策对农户农业废弃物资源化利用感知-参与意愿关系的调节效应。结果表明：1）农户农业废弃物资源化利用技能感知、成本感知、与回收渠道间的距离感知、回收渠道稳定性感知，均显著地影响其参与意愿；其中，农户技能感知和回收渠道稳定性感知对其参与意愿具有显著的正向影响。2）引导型规制对农户农业废弃物资源化利用前景感知与技能感知-参与意愿关系存在显著的正向调节效应；约束型规制对农户农业废弃物回收利用重要性感知、回收渠道稳定性感知-参与意愿关系存在显著的正向调节效应；激励型规制对农户农业废弃物资源化利用前景感知与技能感知、收益感知、回收渠道稳定性感知-参与意愿关系存在显著的正向调节效应，对与回收渠道间的距离感知-参与意愿关系存在显著负向调节效应。建议加强技术培训、增设更多补贴款项、健全农业废弃物回收机制，提高农户参与意愿，充分发挥3种规制政策的互补作用，不断调整优化农业废弃物资源化利用政策，持续推进农业农村绿色发展。

Impact of farmer perceptions on the willingness to participate in the utilization of agricultural waste resources under environmental regulations

To increase farmer willingness to participate in the utilization of agricultural waste resources, improve the rural ecological environment, and comply with farmer expectations of a better living environment, this study developed a multivariate ordered Logistic model based on survey data from 693 farmers in Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, and Heilongjiang provinces. The effects of farmers'' value and skill perceptions, cost-benefit perception, and market recycling condition perception on participation willingness were investigated. The results show that: 1) The skill, cost, and distance perceptions of farmers, together with recycling channels and their recycling channel stability perception, have significant effects on their willingness to participate. Skill perception and recycling channel stability perception also have significant positive effects on participation willingness. 2) Environmental regulatory policies are the most important factors underlying farm household agricultural waste resource utilization behavior, and there are differences in the moderating effects of the relationship between farmers'' perception and participation willingness. Guiding regulations have significant positive moderating effects on the relationships between farmers'' prospects perception and their participation willingness and farmers'' skills perception and participation willingness. Restrictive regulations have significant positive moderating effects on the relationships between farmers'' perception of recycling importance and their participation willingness, and farmers'' recycling channel stability perception and participation willingness. Incentive regulations have significant positive moderating effects on the relationships between farmers'' prospects perception and their participation willingness, farmers'' skills perception and participation willingness, farmer''s income perception and participation willingness, and farmers'' recycling channel stability perception and participation willingness. Environmental regulations based on incentives also have a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between farmer''s distance perception with recycling channels, and their participation willingness. Intensive technical training, more subsidies, and improved agricultural waste recycling mechanisms may increase farmer willingness to participate, while the continuous adjustment and optimization of agricultural waste resource utilization and regulatory policies will aid green development of agriculture and rural areas.