太湖地区稻麦轮作农田氮素淋洗特点

通过排水采集器模拟试验研究了太湖地区不同施肥水平下农田N素淋洗特点。结果表明，N的渗漏损失以硝态氮（NO3^--N）为主，并发生在麦季，铵态氮（NH4^ -N)淋洗量则很少，NO3^--N的量占渗漏液总N量的43%-72%，浓度为20-110mg/kg；渗漏水中N的含量与土壤N的淋洗量随施肥量的增加而增加，麦季土壤中NO3^--N肥量的3.7%-12.2%；与纯化肥处理比较，化肥 猪粪处理增加了农田N的淋失，化肥 秸秆处理减少了土壤中N的淋失，与麦田渗漏水相比较，稻田渗漏水除水稻生长早期的部分样品外，NO3^--N和NH4^ -N含量均很低，分别在1mg/kg和0.5mg/kg以下。

Characteristics of nitrogen leaching of rice-wheat rotation field in Taihu Lake area

The author considers that the main cause of environments worsened year by year, according to the author's survey and investigation in the arid regions,is the people's unrational behavior and activity. Therefore, to rationalize the population distribution and to standardize the people's behavior and activity are necessary. For this reason, the suggestion using the urbanization to drive the ecologilization is put forward in developing Northwest China. In this way, it could be unified the benefits among environment, economy and society, and to guarantee the environmental construction and economic development in the future. The author has recommended the Australian practice to be used for reference in the Northwestern China and to suggest that two regions, the plain region of northern foot of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang and the Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region could be listed as the priority region for experiment.