秸秆覆盖麦田水分动态及水分利用效率研究

试验研究表明，秸秆覆盖可改变作物耗水规律。即前期能抑制土壤蒸发，减少土壤水分无效消耗；后期则增强植株蒸腾，促进干物质积累，使农田耗水由物理过程向生物学过程转化，有利于提高产量和作物水分利用效率。不同覆盖期和不同土壤水分条件下覆盖效果不同，土壤含水量55%～70%的麦田覆盖效果最佳，覆盖时间以冬小麦进入越冬期停止生长时覆盖为宜。

Study of water dynamics and water use efficiency in mulched winter wheat field

Field experiments showed that the straw mulching could change crop water consumption. Soil evaporation in mulched field was reduced in early stages of winter wheat and plant trans piration was enhanced at late stages. It was favorable for dry matter accumulati on and change water consumption from physical process into biological process. T he yield and water use efficiency of winter wheat in mulched field were raised i nto a higher level. The beneficial results of straw mulching were different at d ifferent soil water contents and different mulching times. The highest yield and water use efficiency were obtained from the field where soil water content was 55%～70% of field capacity and mulching date was on December 20, when winter whe at stopped growing in winter.