农业环境保护中的酸雨监测技术

酸雨伤害植物的监测技术包括对植物叶片表观伤害监测与生理伤害监测,后者选择的参数主要有植物光合速率、气孔导度、细胞质膜透性、叶绿素含量消长、细胞pH变化、活性氧防御系统的应激反应等。本文在介绍测定方法同时,比较分析了各种方法的优点与不足,探讨了酸雨监测技术在农业环境监测、环境评价、酸沉降区域农业区划与环境保护中的作用,指出今后研究应重视完善监测体系和拓展监测对象。

Acid rain monitoring technology in agro-environmental protection

In recent years, the area of acid deposition /acid rain (AR)in China is expanded increasingly. The study on monitoring technology on injury caused by AR is needed and stringent especially for the forecast and judgement of AR and the reduction of agricultural losses. According to the researches, the monitoring technology on injured plants by AR includes monitoring of visual injury and physiological injury. Monitored parameters involved in the latter are photosynthetic rate, stomatal resistance, cell membrane permeability, chlorophyll content, cell pH value, stress reaction of activated oxygen defense system, etc. Measuring methods of injury, their advantages and shortages, the effect of AR monitor technology on agro-environmental monitoring and evaluation, agro-regional assignment environmental protection of acid deposition area are discussed briefly in the paper. Because the injury of crops caused by AR involves in physiology, bio-chemistry, zoology and so on, screening out the key index based on ecological and physiological researches on different crops under AR stress becomes the most important question. So it must be pointed out that the study, in the future, should emphasize on the improvement of the monitoring system and the expansion of the monitored objects.