黄土高原半干旱区保护性耕作适应性评价

在黄土高原半干旱区连续4年保护性耕作试验的基础上,利用层次分析法,对5种保护性耕作法与传统耕作法适应性(生态与经济)进行综合评价,探究适合黄土高原半干旱区的保护性农业技术体系.结果表明:在两种轮作次序(小麦/豌豆、豌豆//小麦)、两种投入方式(计秸秆和不计秸秆)下,保护性耕作法免耕秸秆覆盖(NTS)综合适应性指数(PI)均显著高于其他几种耕作方式,且PI在0.76～0.86之间,是传统耕作法(T)的2～2.5倍,NTS在该地区的适应性最强;NTS、免耕不覆盖(NT)、免耕结合地膜覆盖(NTP)3种耕作方式的PI高于传统耕作结合秸秆还田(TS)、T、传统耕作结合地膜覆盖(TP),说明NTS、NT、NTP在该区的适应性优于TS、T、TP.因此,在黄土高原半干旱区实施保护性耕作措施NTS,更能促进该区农业的持续发展.

Evaluation of adaptability of conservation tillage in Loess Plateau semi-arid areas

To explore the adaptability of conservation tillage in the Loess Plateau semi-arid areas of Gansu Province, a conservation tillage experiment was conducted for 2001 ~ 2005 and the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) used to evaluate the economic and ecological suitability of five conservation tillage methods. The economic and ecological adaptability evaluation shows that no-tillage with straw cover (NTS) is the best among the tillage methods investigated. NTS adaptability ratio (PI) is far higher than the other tillage methods, ranging from 0.76 to 0.84 , which is 2 ~ 2.5 times ordinary tillage (T), showing that NTS treatment is more adaptable to the local ecology. PIs for NTS, no-tillage (NT) and no-tillage with plastic cover (NTP) are higher than that for tillage with straw cover (TS), T and tillage with plastic cover (TP). This implies that the adaptability of NTS, NT and NTP is better than that of TS, T and TP. Hence adopting NTS not only increases crop yield or reduces total input, but also enhances sustained development of agriculture in the Loess Plateau semi-arid areas of Gansu Province.