沙田柚主产区土壤养分状况与果实品质关系初探

2005年在广东省梅州市沙田柚主产区进行了采样调查,测定了梅州市松口镇大黄、小黄、蓬下、蓬上4个村沙田柚果园0～60 cm土层土壤养分含量,分析了相应果园沙田柚果实的主要品质.结果表明:供试土壤养分状况差异较大,小黄和大黄的氮磷钾有效态营养状况均处于适宜等级,而蓬上和蓬下的碱解氮处于缺乏等级.沙田柚果实品质也存在一定差异,小黄和大黄的沙田柚果实中还原糖和维生素含量较高,较蓬上和蓬下的沙田柚味甜多汁.相关分析表明,沙田柚果实中还原糖与土壤碱解氮呈显著正相关,维生素C与土壤碱解氮呈极显著正相关,而与速效钾呈极显著负相关,总酸与土壤全氮、全磷,有效磷、缓效钾呈极显著正相关.说明沙田柚果实品质受土壤氮磷钾营养状况的影响,特别是与土壤氮素含量密切相关.

Relationship between soil nutrient and Shatianyou fruit quality in its main production areas

In 2005, a sampling survey was conducted in the main Shatianyou fruit production areas of Meizhou City. Nutrient contents of 0~60 cm soil layer and quality of Shatianyou fruit collected from Shatianyou orchards in four villages (Dahuang, Xiaohuang, Pengxia and Pengshang) in Songkou Town, Mei County were analyzed. Results show significant difference in soil nutrient status among 4 samplig orchards. Soil nutrient contents for Dahuang and Xiaohuang are relatively high while those for Pengshang and Pengxia are very poor. Differences are observed in Shatianyou fruit quality from the four orchards. Relatively high reducing sugar (RS) and vitamin C (VC) contents exist in Shatianyou fruits from Xiaohuang and Dahuang, which are sweeter and juicier than those from Pengshang and Pengxia. Regression analysis reveals significant positive correlation between RS and soil available N, an extremely significant positive correlation between VC and soil available N, and a negative correlation between VC and available K. Fruit total acid content has an extremely significant positive correlation with soil total P and N, available P and slow available K. This implies that Shatianyou fruit quality is influenced by soil NPK nutrient status, which is particularly related with soil N content.