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生物炭对我国南方红壤和黄棕壤理化性质的影响
引用本文:张 祥,王 典,姜存仓,朱 盼,雷 晶,彭抒昂.生物炭对我国南方红壤和黄棕壤理化性质的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2013,21(8):979-984.
作者姓名:张 祥  王 典  姜存仓  朱 盼  雷 晶  彭抒昂
作者单位:华中农业大学资源与环境学院 武汉 430070;华中农业大学资源与环境学院 武汉 430070;华中农业大学资源与环境学院 武汉 430070;华中农业大学资源与环境学院 武汉 430070;华中农业大学资源与环境学院 武汉 430070;华中农业大学园艺林学学院 武汉 430070
基金项目:公益性行业(农业)科研专项项目(201303095)和现代柑橘产业技术体系项目资助
摘    要:为了探讨生物炭对不同土壤的改良效果,采用盆栽试验,研究了施用生物炭对我国南方两种代表性土壤(红壤和黄棕壤)理化性质的影响及其动态变化差异。结果表明:强酸性红壤施用生物炭能明显提高pH而降低其酸度,同时增加土壤的有机质、速效磷、速效钾和碱解氮含量,且随着生物炭施用量(生物炭量/土壤量:0、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%)的增加,改良效果不断加强;弱酸性黄棕壤施用生物炭也提高了土壤pH、有机质、速效磷、速效钾含量,但对该土壤中的碱解氮含量无明显影响。不同生物炭用量的效应存在较大差异,在2.0%时对两种土壤各理化性质影响均表现为最明显,红壤pH平均增加0.61,有机质、速效磷、速效钾、碱解氮分别平均提高203.4%、369.3%、368.0%、30.4%,而黄棕壤pH、有机质、速效磷、速效钾分别平均增加0.55、124.2%、57.5%、50.3%。因而,相同用量的生物炭对红壤的改良效应好于黄棕壤,且施用生物炭对两种土壤速效钾含量影响最大,其次是有机质、pH、速效磷、碱解氮。

关 键 词:生物炭  红壤  黄棕壤  土壤改良  理化性质
收稿时间:2013/3/11 0:00:00
修稿时间:4/7/2013 12:00:00 AM

Effect of biochar on physicochemical properties of red and yellow brown soils in the South China Region
ZHANG Xiang,WANG Dian,JIANG Cun-Cang,ZHU Pan,LEI Jing and PENG Shu-Ang.Effect of biochar on physicochemical properties of red and yellow brown soils in the South China Region[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2013,21(8):979-984.
Authors:ZHANG Xiang  WANG Dian  JIANG Cun-Cang  ZHU Pan  LEI Jing and PENG Shu-Ang
Institution:College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
Abstract:Biochar is a key by-product of chemical processes with a huge potential for application in environmental and soil science studies. In recent years, biochar has received considerable attention as soil conditioner, fertilizer carrier and carbon sequestration agent. However, the role of biochar in improving the fertility of different soil types has remained unclear. This has especially been the cause for the red and yellow brown soils in the South China Region (SCR), where any such studies have been largely lacking. In this study, biochar from peanut shells was used to determine biochar effect on different soils. In the pot experiment, the dynamics of the physicochemical properties of the two representative soils (red and yellow brown soils) in the SCR were investigated after treatments with different doses (0, 0.5%, 1.0% and 2.0%) of biochar. The results showed that red soil was strongly acidic, but the acidity significantly reduced under treatments of different doses of biochar. Furthermore, biochar increased soil organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen contents. With increasing biochar dose, these influence became more obvious. Yellow brown soil was weakly acidic. Biochar treatments significantly improved pH, and contents of organic matter, available phosphorus and available potassium of yellow brown soil. Also increasing biochar dose enhanced the positive effects of biochar on yellow brown soil. However, different biochar doses resulted in different effects on physicochemical properties of the two soils. At 2% of biochar aplication dose, the impact of biochar on the physicochemical properties of the two soils was most obvious. For the red soil, pH increased by 0.61. Also organic matter, available phosphorus, available potassium, and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen increased by 203.4%, 369.3%, 368.0% and 30.4%, respectively, in red soil. In addition to alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen, pH, organic matter, available phosphorus, and available potassium respectively increased by 0.55, 124.2%, 57.5% and 50.3% in yellow brown soil. Based on the above results, it was concluded that biochar application favored red soil more than yellow brown soil in the SCR. Moreover, complex specific data on each index suggested that biochar application most influenced soil available potassium, followed by soil organic matter, pH, available phosphorus, and alkaline hydrolyzed nitrogen in the representative soil types in SCR.
Keywords:Biochar  Red soil  Yellow brown soil  Soil improvement  Physicochemical property
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