基于Apack的若尔盖高原湿地景观空间格局分析

以2000年的遥感影像为数据源,基于Apaek软件运用景观格局指数数量方法研究了若尔盖高原高寒湿地的景观空间分布格局特征及其空间异质性特征.结果表明:2000年若尔盖高原湿地率为9.7%,其中沼泽湿地景观是主要景观组分,占湿地景观面积的96.32%;若尔盖高原湿地的景观多样性指数和均匀度都很小,聚集度较高,景观破碎化水平低,几何形状复杂,自相似性差.在5县域中,若尔盖县湿地景观的面积和湿地率最大,阿坝县和碌曲县所占比例较小;红原县的斑块数最多,碌曲县最少,但平均斑块面积以若尔盖县最大,阿坝县最小.各县湿地景观组分的比例分配差异大,但均以沼泽湿地景观为主要景观类型,且湿地景观聚集度高,破碎化水平低,几何形状复杂.在区域尺度上若尔盖高原湿地以自然湿地景观为主,且具有高度的空照间异质性特征.

Application of Apack software on analyzing spatial pattern of wetland landscape on the Zoige Plateau

Based on remote sensing image for 2000, spatial distribution pattern and heterogeneity of alpine wetlands on the Zoige Plateau were analyzed using the Apack software package. Results indicate that wetland ratio on the Zoige Plateau is 9.7% and marsh-wetland landscape is the dominant wetland type, accounting for 96.32% of the total wetland landscape area. Low diversity and evenness, and landscape fragmentation, as well as complex geometrical shape of wetlands show low similarity in the area. Zoige County has the largest wetland area and wetland ratio among the five counties, while Aba and Luqu Counties have smaller wetland area. More patches exist in Hongyuan County, while Luqu County has less patches; and the largest and smallest average patch areas are in Zoige and Aba Counties respectively. There are, big differences between the proportions of wetland landscape type, but marsh-wetland landscape consists of major wetland landscapes in the five counties, with a high aggregation index, low landscape fragmentation and complex geometrical shape. On the regional level, natural wetlands dominate the pattern of alpine wetlands on the Zoige Plateau, which exists in a high spatial heterogeneity.