甘蓝型油菜EMS诱变二代农艺与籽粒品质性状的变异与TILLING库的构建

利用甲基磺酸乙酯（EMS）溶液处理甘蓝型油菜双低品种浙双72种子，经田间M1代观察和M2代筛选及部分M3代验证，筛选到叶色、叶形、株高、茎色、花色、花瓣（数目与颜色）、雄性不育及开花期等性状发生明显变异的M2突变株。经统计，突变株占M2群体植株总数的8.46％。对M3种子的主要脂肪酸组分之间以及脂肪酸组分与种子含油量进行了相关与回归分析，同时详尽描述各种脂肪酸组分和含油量的变异幅度与变异分布，构建了包括主要农艺性状、雄性不育及籽粒品质性状变异的突变体库，提取了2558份包含突变性状的M2植株叶片的DNA。该诱变二代DNA库及其相应的突变体种质资源为进一步深入研究控制油菜农艺性状、育性与籽粒品质性状的主效基因的等位多态性打下基础，并可为油菜品种的遗传改良提供许多特异的育种材料。

PHENOTYPIC VARIATION OF AGRONOMIC AND GRAIN QUALITY TRAITS IN AN EMS-INDUCED M2 POPULATION AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF THE DNA POOL FOR TILLING ANALYSIS

The ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) was applied to treat the pure seeds of the ‘double low’ cultivar “Zhe-shuang 72” (Brassca napus L.). Mutants with abnormal appearance of leaf color, branch number, plant height, stem or flower color, floral fertility and life cycle were observed in M1 population, screened in the M2 population and partly verified in the M3 population. In general, the mutants accounts for 8.46% of the total population in the M2 generation. Correlation analysis among the fatty acids and between the fatty acids and total seed oil had been conducted in the M3 seeds. The variation degrees of the fatty acid components and seed oil content of the M3 seeds were described. A DNA pool from 2558 individual M2 plants were constructed for the analysis of the allelic variations of the major genetic loci regulating agronomic, floral fertility and grain quality traits. Materials with particular mutated traits are available for breeding projects aiming for the genetic improvement of oilseed rape.