土壤中砷的形态和生物有效性研究现状与趋势

砷在自然界中分布极为广泛,与人类生活密切相关,在工农业生产活动中得到了广泛应用。但砷是高毒元素,在微量水平上就能对动植物体产生一定危害。砷的危害通过生物有效性予以表达,其生物有效性与其在土壤中的累积量及形态密切相关。本文就砷在土壤中的存在价态、与土壤胶体的结合形态、砷生物有效性及不同形态砷的测定技术与方法等方面进行了简要综述,并对未来相关领域的研究发展趋势作了展望,以期为深入开展土壤中砷形态及其生物有效性研究提供科学参考。

THE CURRENT RESEARCH AND TREND ON THE SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY OF ARSENIC IN SOILS

Arsenic is distributed widely in nature and closely related to human life.It has been widely used in industrial and agricultural production activities.However,arsenic is a highly toxic element,and harmful to animals and plants,even at low concentration.The hazards of arsenic are usually expressed by bioavailability,which has a close relationship with the accumulated amount and its speciation in soils.This paper is mainly discussed the valence of arsenic,the combination of soil colloidal forms,the bioavailability and the determination methods of different arsenic forms,and the future trend in interrelated fields was also discussed for providing scientific reference on further research of the soil arsenic speciation and bioavailability.