氮磷钾配施对烤烟农艺性状和主要化学成分的影响

采用灰色关联分析法,通过大田试验,研究了氮磷钾肥在影响烤烟生长发育中农艺性状和叶片主要化学成分的主次关系。结果表明,烤烟农艺性状与氮肥的关联序为:单叶重>叶长>叶宽>株高>留叶数;与磷肥为:单叶重>株高>叶长>叶宽>留叶数;与钾肥为:单叶重>叶长>株高>叶宽>留叶数。叶片含氮量与磷肥密切相关;叶片含钾量与钾肥密切相关,氮肥和磷肥的影响也较钾肥显著;影响淀粉的主要因子是磷肥;影响总糖和还原糖含量的主要因子分别为钾肥和磷肥;影响游离氨基酸含量的主要因子是钾肥。因此,在烤烟栽培中选择合理比例的氮磷钾肥配施,能够有效协调烤烟农艺性状及主要化学成分的含量,进而为烤烟优质高产奠定基础。

EFFECT OF COMBINED APPLICATION N,P AND K FERTILIZER ON AGRONOMIC CHARACTERS AND THE MAIN CHEMICAL COMPONENTS OF FLUE-CURED TOBACCO

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the secondary influence relationships of the effects of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium(NPK) fertilizers on the agronomic characters and the main chemical composition,using the gray correlation analysis method,during growth and development of flue-cured tobacco leaves.Results showed that agronomic characters nitrogen fertilizer with the association order of single-leaf weight > leaf length > leaf width > plant height > remained leaves;with phosphorus fertilizer,the order is the single-leaf weight > plant height > leaf length > leaf width > remained leaves;for potassium fertilizer,it followed the order of the single leaf weight > leaf length > plant height > leaf width > remained leaves.Leaf nitrogen content was closely related to phosphorus fertilizers,and leaf potassium content was closely related to potassium fertilizer.The impact of nitrogen and phosphorus were also more significant than potassium.The main factor affecting starch was phosphorus fertilizer and the main factors affection total sugar and reducing sugar content were potassium and phosphorus fertilizers,respectively.Potassium fertilizer was the main factors affecting free amino acids.Therefore,in flue-cured tobacco cultivation,a reasonable proportion of N,P and K fertilizer can effectively coordinate flue-cured tobacco agronomic characters and the content of main chemical components,which in turn provide basis for high yield and quality of flue-cured tobacco.