矮秆大豆突变体叶片和豆荚生理特性的初步分析

经NaN3诱变获得大豆矮秆突变体HK808,对其豆荚和叶片生理特性及其与原品种"东农42"的比较研究表明:HK808叶片的叶绿素含量比野生型低,但叶绿素a/b比值变化不大;豆荚的叶绿素含量较其对应叶片的含量低,且野生型的含量略高于突变体。开花结荚后突变体叶片蛋白质含量、SOD活性逐渐升高,脯氨酸含量下降,且蛋白质和脯氨酸含量都低于东农42;突变体的SOD活性高于东农42;野生型的MDA含量在鼓粒期以后增高,即结荚后期突变体叶片防御自由基伤害能力强。豆荚的蛋白质、脯氨酸含量都与叶片的变化规律基本相同,即前者不断增加,后者不断下降,且豆荚蛋白质和脯氨酸含量都低于叶片;HK808豆荚的蛋白质含量比其野生型高。豆荚的MDA含量比叶片低,且东农42豆荚的MDA含量略高于HK808,豆荚的SOD活性呈下降趋势,但比东农42叶片的活性高,表明豆荚的抗氧化能力比东农42的叶片强。

COMPARISON OF PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN PODS AND LEAVES BETWEEN DWARF MUTANT AND NORMAL SOYBEAN

Physiological characteristics of pods and leaves between the normal soybean and its dwarf-mutant soybean HK808 were analyzed and compared. The mutant HK808 was induced from soybean dongnong 4 by NAN3. The result showed that the total chlorophyll content of leaves in the mutant was less than that of the dongnong 4, but the ratio of chlorophyll-a/chlorophyllb changed little, and the total chlorophyll content in pods was less than that in leaves of the same plant, but the cohlorophyll content in dongnong 4 plant was still higher than that in the mutant. After florescence and pods-growing, the protein content and the SOD activity of mutant leaves increased, however the praline content decreased, and both of them were less than that of original plant. The SOD activity in the mutant was stronger than that in the normal plant and the MDA content of the normal was increasing after grain-drumming period, indicated in mutant leaves, the ability of defending the injury of free radical was strengthened. Similar to the leaves in the mutant, content changing of protein and proline in pods performed the same trends, that protein content was increasing, proline content was decreasing, and both content of protein and praline in pods were less than that in leaves, the protein content in pods of the mutant was more than that in the normal plant. In addition, the MDA content of pods had lower level than leaves, and for the mutant, this content was less than the normal. Although the SOD activity showed a dropping trend, it remained higher than the normal, inducated that the mutant pods had stronger capacity in defensing of oxidization.