11种四省市售淡水鱼肌肉中重金属含量特征与污染状况评价

为明确我国湖北、广东、河南和黑龙江四省市售淡水鱼肌肉中重金属含量现状，本研究于2021年9月至10月在四省11个市县(区)采集11种淡水鱼，共计133份样本，采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱(ICP-MS)法检测淡水鱼肌肉中铬(Cr)、铜(Cu)、砷(As)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)和铅(Pb)6种元素含量，依据《GB 2762-2017食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》对重金属污染状况进行评价。结果表明，所测样品中Cr、Cu、Cd、Hg和Pb 5种重金属元素均未超标；淡水鲈鱼和乌鳢中As含量均大于0.1 mg·kg^-1，其含量分别为0.182～0.738 mg·kg^-1和0.180～0.628 mg·kg^-1，且较其他淡水鱼类具有蓄积显著性差异(P<0.05)。对总砷含量高于0.1 mg·kg^-1的样品，进一步采用液相色谱-原子荧光光谱(LC-AFS)法对其无机砷含量进行检测，结果均为未检出，表明其无机砷含量在总砷含量中占比非常低。采用单因子污染指数法和内梅罗综合污染指数法评价所检淡水鱼中6...

Concentrations and Pollution Evaluation of Heavy Metal in the Muscle of 11 Commercially Available Freshwater Fish From Four Provinces

To clarify the current situation of heavy metal content in the muscles of commercially available freshwater fish in Hubei， Guangdong， Henan and Heilongjiang provinces， 133 samples of 11 species of freshwater fish were collected from September to October 2021 in 11 cities and districts the above four provinces， Concentrations of chromium （Cr）， copper （Cu）， total arsenic （As）， cadmium （Cd）， mercury （Hg） and lead （Pb） in muscle were determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry （ICP-MS）. The results of the pollution evaluation according to the National Standard for Food Safety Limits for Contaminants in Food （GB 2762-2017） showed that the five heavy metals Cr， Cu， Cd， Hg and Pb did not exceed the limits in the tested samples， while the content of As in freshwater Lateolabrax japonicus and Channa argus exceeded the limit （0.1 mg·kg^-1）， with levels of 0.182～0.738 mg·kg^-1 and 0.180～0.628 mg·kg^-1， respectively.Both of them were cumulatively significantly different （P<0.05） with other freshwater fishes. Samples with total As content above 0.1 mg·kg^-1 were further tested for inorganic arsenic by liquid chromatography-atomic fluorescence spectrometry （LC-AFS）. The results were all non-detect， indicating that their inorganic arsenic content was in a very low percentage of the total arsenic content. The single pollution index and integrated pollution index method were used to evaluate the contamination status and variability of the six heavy metal elements in the tested freshwater fish， and the results showed that a low risk of heavy metal contamination in currently commercially freshwater fish in the four provinces， providing a reference for clarifying the quality and safety of freshwater fish in these regions and carrying out aquatic product safety assessment.