秋水仙碱诱导栝楼四倍体

采用改良L.D.Cua法诱导短把栝楼获得四倍体，研究了0.2%浓度的秋水仙碱诱导短把栝楼染色体倍性变异的最佳处理时间、四倍体栝楼与原栝楼的形态特征及其四倍体与二倍体的细胞学鉴定。结果表明：0.2%秋水仙素的最佳处理时间为72 h，诱变率达82.1%。与二倍体相比，四倍体表现为：生长变缓；叶片增大、皱缩和变厚、叶形指数减小；叶片保卫细胞增大，气孔密度降低，叶绿体数目增加，叶色加深。根尖压片表明：二倍体的染色体数目为2n=66，大部分四倍体植株的染色体数目为2n=132，M2代部分四倍体植株也存在嵌合现象。

Inducement of Tetraploid of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim BY Colchicine

The improved L.D.Cua method was used to induce tetraploid of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim.The suitable treating time of 0.2%colchicine,the morphology characters and cytology identification between plants of diploid and obtained tetraploid were studied.The results showed that 72h treating time could obtain variant rate of 82.1%.Comparing with diploid,the growing rate of tetraploid plants was slow and the leaves became bigger,thicker,dark green and crimpled.The stomata density of tetraploid plants was reduce...