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东北黑土区坡耕地水蚀与风蚀速率的定量区分
引用本文:王禹,杨明义,刘普灵.东北黑土区坡耕地水蚀与风蚀速率的定量区分[J].核农学报,2010,24(4):790-795.
作者姓名:王禹  杨明义  刘普灵
作者单位:1. 中国科学院、水利部水土保持研究所/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌,712100;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049
2. 中国科学院、水利部水土保持研究所/黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌,712100
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目,教育部"新世纪优秀人才"支持计划项目 
摘    要:用137Cs含量测定和USLE水蚀预报模型,研究了东北黑土区2块坡耕地的水蚀与风蚀速率,结果表明:直型坡耕地和凸型坡耕地的年均侵蚀速率分别为3054和3548t.km2.a-1;由于坡向的不同,2块坡面的风蚀速率分别为631和1155t.km2.a-1,即研究区每年约有0.5~1.0mm的表层土壤被风吹蚀掉,风蚀分别占总侵蚀的20.7%和32.6%;而水蚀仍为研究区主要的侵蚀方式,2块坡面的水蚀速率分别占总侵蚀的79.3%和67.4%。因此,东北黑土区坡耕地水土流失的防治要充分考虑水和风的不同影响,综合治理。

关 键 词:137Cs测定  USLE模型  水蚀速率  风蚀速率  黑土

Contribution Partition of Water and Wind Erosion on Cultivated Slopes in Northeast Black Soil Region of China
WANG Yu,YANG Ming-yi,LIU Pu-ling.Contribution Partition of Water and Wind Erosion on Cultivated Slopes in Northeast Black Soil Region of China[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2010,24(4):790-795.
Authors:WANG Yu  YANG Ming-yi  LIU Pu-ling
Institution:1.State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of  Sciences/ Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100;  2.Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049
Abstract:Abstract:Two types of cultivated slopes were selected in the northeast black soil region of China to  study the contribution partition of water and wind erosion by using 137Cs measurement and USLE model. The results showed that the mean annual erosion rate on the straight slope and convex slope was 3054 and 3548t·km2·a-1 respectively. Meanwhile, the wind erosion rate was 631 t·km2·a-1 and 1155t·km2·a-1, about the 207% and 326% of total erosion respectively, which is indicated that nearly 05~10mm surface soil was blown off every year. The water erosion rate proportion of the two slopes was 793% and 674%, respectively, indicating that water erosion was  the dominant erosion mode in the area. Accordingly, the prevention should be considered adequately about the different influence made by water and wind.
Keywords:137Cs measurement  USLE model  water erosion rate  wind erosion rate  black soil
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