葡萄籽提取物对采后猕猴桃青霉病的抑制效果与机理

为探讨葡萄籽提取物(GSE)对采后猕猴桃接种青霉菌后青霉病的防治效果,本试验以贵长猕猴桃为试材,通过测定猕猴桃果实发病率、病斑直径以及与果实抗病相关物质的含量和防御相关酶的活性,研究GSE对采后猕猴桃果实青霉菌的作用效果。结果表明,GSE处理延迟了猕猴桃在损伤接种扩展青霉(Penicillium expansum)后果实发病率的上升,抑制了果实病斑直径的扩大。同时,GSE处理极显著提高了猕猴桃果实总酚和总类黄酮含量,降低了膜降解标志性代谢产物丙二醛(MDA)含量以及脂氧合酶(LOX)活性,提高了猕猴桃果实几丁质酶(CHI)、β-1,3葡聚糖酶(GLU)和过氧化物酶(POD)活性。接种扩展青霉后,接种前期GSE处理显著提高了果实的多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性,接种后期GSE处理显著提高了苯丙氨酸氨解酶(PAL)活性。综上,GSE处理通过激活抗氧化防御代谢从而提高了猕猴桃果实对青霉病的抗性。本研究为利用GSE防治青霉病研究提供了理论指导和技术参考。

Inhibitory Effects and Mechanism of Grape Seed Extract Treatment on Penicilliosis of Postharvest Kiwifruit

In order to explore the effects of grape seed extract (GSE) on the control of penicilliosis of postharvest kiwifruit, the inhibition effects of GSE on the control of Penicilliosis in Guichang kiwifruit during storage following treatment with GSE and inoculation with Penicillium expansum were investigated. Parameters monitored included infection incidence, lesion diameter, levels of disease-resistance compounds, and activities of defense-related enzymes. The results revealed that not only the increase of fruit infection incidence with inoculation of Penicillium expansum delayed, but also the expansion of fruit leison diameter could be inhibited by GSE treatment, GSE treatment also significantly enhanced the levels of total phenols and total flavonoids of kiwifruit, and reduced the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA), a signature metabolite of membrane degradation, and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity, and improved the enzymes activities of chitinase (CHI), β-1,3-glucanase (GLU) and peroxidase (POD) of kiwifruit. The polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity of kiwifruit was significantly increased in the short term and phenylalanine amonialyase (PAL) activity was dramatically enhanced in the later stage of kiwifruit with inoculation of Penicillium expansum by GSE treatment. The results indicate that GSE treatment was helpful to enhance the resistance of kiwifruit to Penicilliosis through activation of antioxidative defense metabolism, and provide theoretical guidance and technical reference for the biocontrol of kiwifruit penicilliosis.