中国南瓜突变体库构建及表型变异的初步分析

为促进中国南瓜功能基因组学的研究,以中国南瓜高代自交系N87的种子为试验材料,构建中国南瓜突变体库。将材料在不同浓度的甲基磺酸乙酯(EMS)溶液中处理不同时间,并对诱变后代的表型变异特征进行分析。结果表明,以诱变后南瓜种子的发芽率、成苗率及幼苗生长状况为指标,筛选出1.6% EMS处理12 h为中国南瓜种子最佳诱变条件。使用最佳诱变条件处理10 000粒中国南瓜种子,构建了由725个M₂家系组成的中国南瓜突变体库,该突变体库在叶片、株型、生殖器官、果实等性状上均存在丰富的变异,总变异频率达11.2%。通过构建和分析F₂分离群体,明确白花突变和短蔓突变为单基因隐性突变。本研究成功构建了中国南瓜突变体库,不仅丰富了中国南瓜种质资源,还为中国南瓜功能基因组学研究和新品种选育奠定了基础。

Construction and Preliminary Screening of EMS Induced Mutant Library of Pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata D.)

To accelerate the development of functional genomic research, the mutant library of Cucrbita moschata D. cultivar N87 was constructed. The seeds of the high-generation inbred line N87 were treated with ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) solution of different concentrations for different times, and the phenotypic variation characteristics of pumpkin were identified.Considering the germination rate seedling rate and seedling growth,1.6% EMS for 12 h was selected as the appropriate treatment condition. Then 10 000 seeds of N87 were treated by 1.6% EMS for 12 h,and a pumpkin mutant library contained 725 M₂ families was constructed. The mutant library has rich variation in leaf, plant type, reproductive organ, fruit and other characters, with a total variation frequency of 11.2%. With constructing and analyzing the F₂ population from the cross of mutants and normal plants white flower mutation and short-internode mutation was found to be controlled by a single recessive gene respectively. The study first successfully created a pumpkin mutant population, which not only enriched pumpkin germplasm resources, but also provided useful mutant materials for pumpkin functional genomics research and breeding improvement.