海藻生物肥对草莓产量和品质的影响

为探究新型海藻生物肥对草莓产量和品质的影响,以红颜草莓为试验材料,对其叶面喷施不同浓度的新型海藻生物肥,以喷施清水为对照。喷施处理后,计算草莓产量,测定盛果期草莓可溶性固形物含量、可滴定酸、糖酸比、还原糖含量、硬度、抗坏血酸、总酚、花青素和类黄酮含量。结果表明,不同浓度海藻生物肥处理的草莓产量均有提升,其中在1 500倍海藻生物肥处理下,草莓果重、结果数和产量均极显著提高(P<0.01),分别较对照增加了42.96%、14.67%和63.93%。品质结果表明,1 500倍液海藻生物肥处理下,草莓的可溶性固形物含量、糖酸比、还原糖含量和硬度均达到最大值,且较对照均显著增加(P<0.05),高于市售2种海藻肥处理;低浓度(2 500~1 500倍)海藻生物肥对草莓抗氧化物质积累有促进作用,其中1 500倍海藻生物肥处理下,草莓Vc含量达到最大值,且较对照提高50.20%;在 2 500倍海藻生物肥处理下,花青素与类黄酮含量均极显著增加(P<0.01),较对照分别增加42.00%与30.56%,而高浓度(1 000~500倍)则抑制花青素与类黄酮的积累。综上,合理喷施新型海藻生物肥能提高草莓产量,提高抗氧化活性物质含量,改善草莓品质。本研究结果为新型海藻生物肥的规模化生产应用提供了理论依据。

Effect of Seaweed Bio-fertilizer on the Yield and Quality of Strawberry

In order to investigate the effects of liquid seaweed bio-fertilizer on yield, quality and antioxidant activities of strawberry, the variety of strawberry named beauty was selected as experimental materials, which was sprayed with different concentrations of new seaweed bio-fertilizer with water was used as control. After spraying, the yield of strawberry was calculated, and the soluble solids, titratable acid, sugar acid ratio, reducing sugar, hardness, ascorbic acid, total phenolics, anthocyanin and flavonoids in strawberry fruit were measured. The results of yield showed that the yield of strawberry increased with different concentrations of seaweed bio-fertilizer. The fruit weight, the number of fruit and yield of strawberry were significantly increased by 42.96%, 14.67% and 63.93% in the 1 500 times seaweed bio-fertilizer treatment, respectively, compared with the control group(P<0.01). The results of quality showed that under different concentrations of seaweed bio-fertilizer treatment, different concentrations of seaweed fertilizer processing, quality indicators soluble solids, sugar acid ratio, reducing sugar, the hardness reached the maximum after treated with seaweed bio-fertilizer of 1 500 times, which were significantly improved compared with the control group and higher than the two other kinds of seaweed fertilizer(P<0.05). low concentration (2 5001 500 times) of seaweed bio-fertilizer had a positive effect on antioxidant activities. Vc content reached the maximum value at the treatment of 1 500 times, and increased by 50.20% compared with the control. The anthocyanins and flavonoids significantly improved under the 2 500 times, which increased by 42.00% and 30.56% compared with the control, respectively, while the high concentration (1 000500 times) were suppressed(P<0.01). To sum up, the algae bio-fertilizer can increase strawberry yield, quality and the content of antioxidant substances. This study provided a theoretical basis for the large-scale production and application of the new seaweed bio-fertilizer.