大目金枪鱼加工副产物中鱼油提取制备及EPA分离纯化

为获得较高纯度的乙酯型EPA金枪鱼油,以大目金枪鱼加工副产物为原料,通过响应面法优化酶辅助提取粗鱼油的工艺参数,并采用粗鱼油精制、化学催化乙酯化、多级分子蒸馏和尿素包合初步纯化、精馏高纯化,以及合成银离子功能材料螯合制备分离等一系列技术手段进行制备。结果表明,优化的酶解提取法工艺条件为:酶解pH值8.5、酶解温度45℃、酶解时间3 h,此条件下粗鱼油提取率高达43.69%。乙酯化鱼油经多级分子蒸馏和尿素包合处理后,EPA和DHA总量可达80.00%以上,且分别占46.34%和34.58%。对该鱼油进行精馏试验,获得EPA乙酯,其含量达到82.40%,得率为39.00%,在此基础上,进一步使用银硫醇硅胶制备得到96.30%的EPA乙酯,得率为32.90%。本研究结果为鱼类加工副产物的高值化利用提供了一定参考。

Extraction of Fish Oil From the Byproducts of Bigeye Tuna and Purification of EPA Ethyl Ester by Combined Techniques

In this study, the processed by-products of tuna (T. obesus) was used as the major raw material for preparative separation of fish oil with high content of ethyl type EPA tuna oil by a series of technologies, including optimized extraction of enzyme-assisted extraction of crude fish oil, refinement, chemical ethyl esterification, molecular distillation and urea complexation for preliminary purification, rectification, and silver functionalized material based on separation. The optimal extraction parameters of crude fish oil were as follows: pH was 8.5, enzyme temperature was 45℃, and time was 3 h, and the yield of crude fish oil reached 43.69% under the optimal conditions. The total content of EPA and DHA in purified fish oil was over 80.00%, and the content of EPA and DHA reached 46.34% and 34.58% respectively after being treated by multi-stage molecular distillation and urea complexation treatment. In order to obtain pure EPA ethyl ester, the fish oil was further rectified and the content of EPA ethyl ester reached 82.40% with yield 39.00%. After the preparative separation by silver functionalized material chelating, the content of EPA ethyl ester reached 96.30% with yield 32.90%. This study provides references for the high value utilization of fish processed by-products.