高粱-旱稻属间杂交获得矮秆新种质的矮生性状分析

以高粱基因型沈农133(Sorghum bicolor) 为母本，旱稻基因型旱65(Oryza sativa) 为父本，进行了9代属间杂交、回交及自交后代选择，获得5个株高82.7~143.5cm矮生新种质，暂定名为矮101、矮102、矮103、矮104及矮105。新种质株高同母本（163.1cm）相比降低80.4~19.6cm，降低范围为49.29%~12.02%。株高降低的主要原因是植株茎秆节间数目发生变化，新种质茎秆节间数为8~13节，较母本的17节减少4~9节，降低范围为23.53%~52.94%。猜测与一种新的矮秆基因——茎秆节间数目减少基因有关，该基因参与植株发育过程并控制植株高度。

Analysis of Dwarf Character of New Short-Stalked Germplasms Derived from a Generic Hybridization between Sorghum and Upland Rice

5 new short-stalked sorghum germplasms called Ai 101, Ai 102, Ai 103, Ai 104 and Ai 105 with 82.7~143.5cm plant height were developed from a generic hybridization between sorghum (S. bicolor) and upland rice (O. sativa) after 9 generation selection, using sorghum genotype Shennong 133 as female and upland rice genotype Han 65 as male and backcross parent, respectively. The plant height was reduced 80.4-19.6cm, or 49.29-12.02% comparing with its female parent of 163.1cm height. Typical variation of this dwarf chararcter was the number of internodes decreased, which resulted in the plant height reduction in the new dwarf germplasms. It is assumed that a new kind of dwarf gene(s), or stem internode reduction gene(s) was involved in the process of plant development and controlling the plant height.