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土壤全氮含量和施氮水平对棉花产量及氮肥利用效率的影响
引用本文:李鹏程,郑苍松,孙淼,刘绍东,张思平,王国平,李亚兵,赵新华,董合林.土壤全氮含量和施氮水平对棉花产量及氮肥利用效率的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(8).
作者姓名:李鹏程  郑苍松  孙淼  刘绍东  张思平  王国平  李亚兵  赵新华  董合林
作者单位:中国农业科学院棉花研究所/棉花生物学国家重点实验室,河南安阳,455000
基金项目:国家棉花产业技术体系,国家科技支撑计划,公益性行业(农业)科研专项
摘    要:为探讨不同土壤全氮含量水平下棉花的氮肥施用效应,采用盆栽试验,研究不同土壤全氮含量(0.58、0.64、0.74、0.83、1.29 g·kg~(-1))和施氮水平(每盆施加量分别为0、1.75、3.50 g)对棉花籽棉产量、氮素吸收、氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,棉花单株籽棉产量和干物重随施氮量增加而显著增加,土壤全氮含量与施氮水平对棉株根、茎、铃壳部位的干物质积累具有显著的互作效应。同一土壤条件下,棉花单株氮素积累量随施氮水平增加而显著增加。氮肥表观回收率随土壤全氮含量上升呈先降后升的变化趋势,且在土壤全氮含量0.74 g·kg~(-1)时较低,但土壤全氮含量在0.58~0.83 g·kg~(-1)内,不同施氮处理间氮肥表观回收率差异不显著。氮肥农学利用率随土壤全氮含量增加呈下降趋势。土壤全氮含量0.74 g·kg~(-1)时的氮肥生理利用率高于土壤全氮含量0.58、0.64和0.83 g·kg~(-1)。土壤全氮含量1.29g·kg~(-1)条件下,低氮水平氮肥利用效率(表观回收率、农学利用率、生理利用率)显著优于高氮水平;土壤全氮含量0.58~0.74 g·kg~(-1)时,高氮可实现增产增效;土壤全氮含量0.83~1.29 g·kg~(-1)时,低氮能维持较高的产量和氮肥利用率。本研究结果为不同土壤全氮条件下棉花氮肥投入提供了参考。

关 键 词:土壤全氮含量  施氮水平  棉花  籽棉产量  氮肥利用率

Effects of Total N Content of Soil and N Application Levels on Seed Cotton Yield and N Use Efficiency
LI Pengcheng,ZHENG Cangsong,SUN Miao,LIU Shaodong,ZHANG Siping,WANG Guoping,LI Yabing,ZHAO Xinhua,DONG Helin.Effects of Total N Content of Soil and N Application Levels on Seed Cotton Yield and N Use Efficiency[J].Acta Agriculturae Nucleatae Sinica,2017,31(8).
Authors:LI Pengcheng  ZHENG Cangsong  SUN Miao  LIU Shaodong  ZHANG Siping  WANG Guoping  LI Yabing  ZHAO Xinhua  DONG Helin
Abstract:In order to study the effect of total N content of soil and nitrogen(N) fertilizer application level on dry matter accumulation,seed cotton yield and N use efficiency of cotton,a pot experiment was carried out with five total N contents of soil(0.58,0.64,0.74,0.83,and 1.29 g·kg-1) and three N application levels (0,1.75,3.50 g of every pot,respectively).The results showed that seed cotton yield and dry matter weight of cotton plant increased significantly with the increase of N application level,and N application level and total N content of soil had significant interaction effect on dry matter accumulation of root,stem,and boll shell in cotton plant.Under the same total N content of soil,N accumulation of the cotton plant increased significantly with the increase of N application level.Apparent N recovery of cotton plant decreased when total N content of soil increased from 0.58 to 0.74 g· kg-1,then increased when total N content of soil was 0.83 g·kg-1 and declined when total N content of soil was 1.29 g·kg-1 No significant differences were found in N recovery of cotton plant under different N application level when total N content of soil ranged from 0.58 to 0.83 g·kg-1 Agronomic N use efficiency of cotton plant declined with the increase of total N content of soil,while physiological N use efficiency with total N content of soil 0.74 g· kg-1 was higher than that with total N content of soil 0.58,0.64 and 0.83 g· kg-1.When total N content of soil was 1.29 g· kg-1,apparent N recovery,agronomic N use efficiency and physiological N use efficiency of cotton plant at low N application level was significantly superior to that at high N application level.When total N content of soil ranged from 0.58 to 0.74 g·kg-1,higher N input improved both seed cotton yield and N use efficiency,while when total N content of soil ranged from 0.83 to 1.29 g· kg-1,less N input could maintain both higher seed cotton yield and N use efficiency.The results should provide references for input of N fertilizer in cotton field under different total N content of soil.
Keywords:total N content of soil  N fertilization levels  cotton  seed cotton yield  N use efficiency
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