汾河流域土壤重金属垂直分布规律及地域差异

山西汾河流域按土属采土样１７４０个，测定镍、铬、铅、锌、砷、铜、汞、镉八种元素的含量。探讨了垂直分布及各地形部位贡献大小和地域差异。在中高山地、山地、低山丘陵、丘陵阶地、二级阶地和平原盆地六个地形部位中，土壤重金属元素含量均未超过土壤污染起始值。各元素不同地形部位贡献大小为：中高山地汞大、山地铜大、低山丘陵铬大，丘陵阶地铅、镍、铜大，二级阶地汞大、锌小，平原盆地镉、汞大、铜小。故二级阶地和平原盆地应施用铜、锌微肥和防止汞、镉污染。地域差异研究表明：东西两山山地土壤多数元素含量差异不显著，利用较为一致。南北两盆地污染重点在太原盆地。上述研究结果为土壤环境质量评价、土壤污染防治和预测，工矿企业合理布局，农业生产结构调整提供了科学依据。

Vertical Distribution and Regional Differentiation of Soil Heavy Metals in Fen River Valley

According soil genera in Fen River Valley,Shanxi Province,1740 soil samples were analyzed for heavy metals(Ni,Cr,Pb,Zn,As,Cu,Hg,Cd).The vertical distribution and regional differentiation of soil heavy metals were studied.The results indicated that the content of Ni was higher in midhigh mountain soils;Cu and Zn were higher in mountain soils;Cr was higher in low mountain and hill soils;As was higher in second terrace soils;Cd and Hg were higher in basin soils.However,all of these did not exceed the starting value of contaminated soil in China.The contribution of heavy metals for soil pollution were as follows:Hg in mid high mountain soils,second terrace and basin soils;Cu in mountain soils;Cr in low mountain and hill soils;Pb in hill and basin soils;Zn and Cu were lower in second terrace and basin soils.Therefore we should protect second terrace and basin soils from Hg and Cd pollution,and increase trace element of Zn and Cu fertilizes applicetion.The regional differentiation of heavy metals were as follows:The soil utilization in east and west mountain soils on Fen River basin showed no difference;Particular attention should be paid to the control of soil heavy metals pollution in Taiyuan District.The results that we mentioned above can provide scientific basis for the assessment of soil environment quality,control and predict soil pollution,district planning of industrial and agricultural construction,and modification of agriculture structure.