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大麦中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态及PCs合成的基因型差异
引用本文:陆仲烟,刘仲齐,宋正国,张长波,孙东发.大麦中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态及PCs合成的基因型差异[J].农业环境保护,2013(11):2125-2131.
作者姓名:陆仲烟  刘仲齐  宋正国  张长波  孙东发
作者单位:[1]农业部环境保护科研监测所生态毒理与环境修复研究中心,天津300191 [2]农业部产地环境与农产品安全重点开放实验室,天津300191 [3]华中农业大学植物科学技术学院,武汉430070
基金项目:基金项目:中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项;国家自然科学基金项目(41071217)
摘    要:为探明不同基因型大麦对镉耐性和转运能力差异,选取大麦耐镉品种华10118和敏感品种华2255进行水培试验,比较不同镉处理下大麦根系和地上部中镉的亚细胞分布和化学形态的差异,并研究了根系和叶片中PCs含量对镉转运能力的影响。结果表明:华10118对镉的转运能力较差,地上部镉含量较低;镉在两个大麦品种中主要分布于细胞壁和胞液中,基本各占35%-44%,细胞器占5%-26%,华2255的细胞器组分中镉含量显著大于华10118,可能是华2255耐镉性差的原因。两个基因型大麦根系中的镉以醋酸提取态为主,而地上部中以NaCl提取态最多;华2255的乙醇提取态、去离子水提取态和NaCl提取态的镉含量较高,可能是其对镉转运能力较强和耐受性差的原因。华2255根系和叶片中的PC2和PC3含量都显著高于华10118,根系合成较多的Pc:和PC,有助于镉从根部向地上部的转运。

关 键 词:大麦    亚细胞分布  化学形态  植物螯合肽

Subcellular Distribution and Chemical Forms of Cd and the Synthesis of Phytochelatins (PCs) in Different Barley Genotypes
LU Zhong-yan,LIU Zhong-qi.,SONG Zheng-guo,ZHANG Chang-bo,SUN Dong-fa.Subcellular Distribution and Chemical Forms of Cd and the Synthesis of Phytochelatins (PCs) in Different Barley Genotypes[J].Agro-Environmental Protection,2013(11):2125-2131.
Authors:LU Zhong-yan  LIU Zhong-qi  SONG Zheng-guo  ZHANG Chang-bo  SUN Dong-fa
Institution:1.Centre for Research in Ecotoxicology and Environmental Remediation, Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; 2.Key Laboratory of Production Environment and Agro-Product Safety, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin 300191, China; 3.College of Plant Technology of Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070, China)
Abstract:Cadmium has similar accumulation in different genotypes, but these genotypes suffer from different Cd toxicity. A hydroponic ex- periment was carried out to study the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cd in plant roots and shoots using a Cd-tolerant variety Hual0118 and a Cd-sensitive variety Hua2255. The effects of phytochelatins(PCs) in the roots and leaves on the Cd transport rate were al- so examined. Experimental results showed that Cd transport rates and Cd concentrations in shoots of Hual0118 were lower than those of Hua2255. Cadmium distributed mainly in cell wall and cytosol in both varieties, each accounting for 35%-44%. Cadmium in the organelles was only 5%-26%. Cadmium concentration in cell organelles of hua2255 was higher than that of hual0118, probably resulting in more sen- sitivity of hua2255 to Cd. The predominant form of Cd in the roots was HAt-extractable Cd, but NaCl-extractable Cd in the shoots. The amounts of ethanol-extractable, water-extractable and NaCl-extractable Cd were higher in hua2255 than that in hual0118, leading to dif- ferent Cd transport and tolerance between two varieties. The concentrations of PC2 and PC3 were remarkably higher in the roots and shoots of hua2255 than in hua 10118, implying that synthesis of more PC2 and PC3 in root facilitated Cd transfer to shoot.
Keywords:barley  cadmium  subcellular distribution  chemical form  phytochelatins
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