不同类型农村住户生活垃圾特征识别

以京郊农村熊儿寨乡为例，依托该乡已建立的生活垃圾分类管理模式，分析全乡生活垃圾产生强度与组分特征；重点入户调查纯农户、农业兼业户、非农兼业户、非农户4类典型户，识别其生活垃圾产生强度，以及与经济、养殖、旅游接待等因素的关系，并用SPSS分析相关性与差异性。结果表明，全乡生活垃圾平均产生强度为379.5 g·d-1·人-1；4类典型户生活垃圾产生强度分别为335.3、403.8、414.6、350.7 g·d-1·人-1；生活垃圾产生强度与人均年收入呈极显著正相关（P〈0.01），相关系数排序为非农户＞农业兼业户＞非农兼业户＞纯农户；不同类型住户中厨余垃圾产生强度为养殖户低于非养殖户，但差异不显著（P=0.053），民俗旅游接待户明显高于非接待户，差异极显著（P〈0.01）；人均年收入水平和民俗旅游接待成为影响该乡生活垃圾产生强度的主要因素。

Characteristics Identification of Rural Solid Wastes Based on Different Types of Farmers

Xiongerzhai town, located in Beijing rural area, was selected to investigate the production and the characteristics of rural solid waste（RSW）based on the established collection system. To study the output of the RSW and the relationships between the RSW and the economy, or the livestock and poultry production, or the tour reception, farmers were classified into four different categories which were farming households, mainly farming households, mainly off farming households, off farming households according to the source of income and working time. SPSS statistical analysis was used to determine the significance and the relationships. The main results were as follows ： （ 1 ）The average output of RSW in this area was 379.5 g·d^-1 per capita, and 335.3, 403.8, 414.6, 350.7 g·d^-1 per capita for the four different types of famers respectively.（ 2 ）Significant positive correlation was found between the output of the RSW and the family income（P〈0.01 ）, and the order was as following：off farming households （r=0.904 0 ）〉mainly farming households （r=0.8640）〉mainly off farming households（r=0.799 8 ）〉 farming households（r=0.605 1 ）. The RSW production of farmers having livestock and poultry production was less than the RSW production of farmers having no livestock and poultry production, but there was no significant difference between them（P=0.053 ）. The RSW production of farmers having tour reception was more than the farmers having no tour reception, and there was significant difference between them（P〈0.01 ）. （ 3 ）Per capita income and tour reception were the main affecting factors of the RSW production in this area.