味精废渣肥对油菜生长和土壤化学性状的影响研究

采用盆栽试验方法研究了味精废渣肥对油菜生长和土壤化学性状的影响。结果表明，与等氮量尿素处理比较，施用N1、N2水平味精废渣肥油菜生物量分别增加7.9%和15.4%；施用N1-N3水平的味精废渣肥土壤全氮增加4.5%-6.6%，土壤脲酶活性增加53.8%-281.7%，有效硫增加5.03-15.55 mg·kg-1，土壤pH值降低0.09-0.20个单位，差异均达到显著水平；施用味精废渣肥土壤有机质、速效磷、有效锌、有效铁和土壤磷酸酶活性均无显著变化。施用味精废渣肥与尿素-牛粪配施处理比较：N1、N2水平油菜生物量分别降低14.5%、18.3%，N3水平油菜生物量增加28.7%，差异均达到显著水平；土壤有机质降低了14.2%-23.0%、速效磷降低了94.84-100.89 mg·kg-1、有效硫增加4.05-9.43 mg·kg-1；土壤全氮N1、N2水平分别降低8.0%-14.6%，N3水平增加了2.7%；土壤脲酶活性N1水平降低39.2%，N2、N3水平分别增加21.4%、56.0%；酸性磷酸酶活性降低16.4%-25.4%、中性磷酸酶活性降低26.8%-29.9%、碱性磷酸酶活性降低3.0%-14.4%，土壤pH值下降了0.06-0.08个单位，差异均达到显著或极显著水平。

Effects of Monosodium Glutamate Waste on Rape＇s Yields and Soil Chemical Properties

The effects of Monosodium Glutamate Waste（MGW） on rape＇s yields and soil chemical properties were studied using the pot experiment in the growth chamber. The results showed that compared with urea application, applying MGW with the same N concentration significantly increased the rape＇s yields by 7.9%, 15.4% at N1 and N2 level respectively. Moreover, MGW application increased soil total N by 4.5% -6.6%, 53.8%-281.7% of urease activities in soil, 5.03-15.55 mg·kg^-1 of available sulfur and decreased by 0.09-0.20 of the pH of soil significantly, but had no markedly effects on the concentrations of organic matter, available P, Fe, Zn and phosphatase activity in soil. Compared with combined application of urea and cow manure, the tape＇s yields with MGW application increased 14.5%, 18.3% at N1, N2 level and decreased 28.7% at N3 level significantly. And it significantly decreased by 14.2%-23.0% of soil organic matter, 94.84-100.89 mg ·kg^-1 of available phosphorus, 16.4-25.4% of acid phosphatase activities, 26.8%-29.9% of neutral phosphatase activities, 3.0%-14.4% of alkaline phosphatase activities, and 0.06-0.08 of the pH of soil, but increased the available sulfur by 4.05%-9.43% significantly. Meanwhile, the soil total N decreased by 8.0%, 14.6% at N1 and N2 level, but increased 2.7% at N3 level significantly; and the urease activities in soil decreased 39.2% at N1 level, but increased 21.4% and 56.0% at N2 and N3 level significantly.