PLFA法和DGGE法分析堆肥细菌群落变化

同时采用PLFA（Phospholipid fatty acid）谱图分析法和DGGE（Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis）法分析农业废物堆肥化过程中细菌群落的变化。结果表明：（1）单体PLFA数据显示样品之间的群落结构有明显差异,随着堆肥进程的进行,群落在不断演替,PLFA数据可以较为明确地表征微生物生物量的变化,但不能给出具体的物种变化信息;（2）DGGE分析显示堆肥过程中的样点和DGGE条带数据都存在3大主要类别,堆肥过程中细菌群落结构至少经历了3个阶段的演替,即嗜温细菌群落、高温细菌群落和腐熟期细菌群落。堆肥过程是微生物群落结构与堆肥温度相互制约的过程;（3）虽然两类方法显示的信息并不完全一致,但也因此说明了不同方法显示的信息并不是绝对的,采用各类方法组合研究堆肥微生物的信息变化是很有必要的。

Changes of Bacterial Communities in Composting by PLFA and DGGE Methods

Microbial community structure is little known at different stages during the composting process due to difficult to culture microbes present in composting. Culture-independent methods including phospholipid fatty acid（PLFA） and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis（DGGE） had been employed to characterize the changes of bacterial community during the composting of agricultural waste. The results showed that：（1）The structure of microbial community from samples was discrete by the PLFA profile method, which suggested each sample owned independent characteristic pattern, and samples selected were representative. The data was comprehensive to characterize the changes of microbial community structure and much specific to evaluate microbial biomass. However, the species could not be determined by the PLFA profile method.（2）The succession of the bacterial community included at least three different stages, i.e. mesophilic microbial community, thermophilic microbial community and maturation microbial community, by the DGGE method. Also, the result showed the temperature played a key role to changes of microbial community during the composting process.（3）The differences revealed by PLFA profile and DGGE methods indicated that observing biological characteristics in composting with just one method should not be considered absolute. Thus it was necessary to develop different methods to study the changes of microbial community structure during the composting process.