中国粮食作物秸秆焚烧释放碳量的估算

生物质燃烧对全球大气环境和气候系统会产生重要的影响,根据1999—2008年中国的粮食产量、谷草比,估算了主要粮食作物的秸秆产量,结合秸秆露天焚烧比例计算了中国1999—2008年主要粮食作物秸秆露天焚烧量,进一步依据相关排放因子得出CO和CO2的排放量及碳排放总量。结果发现,中国主要粮食作物年平均秸秆产量达到4.9×108t,粮食秸秆露天焚烧量平均为0.94×108t,约占粮食作物秸秆总量的19,其中稻谷秸秆露天焚烧量占到粮食秸秆露天焚烧量的43.1;粮食作物秸秆露天焚烧排放的CO和CO2总量平均每年分别为9.19×106t和1.07×108t;排放的总碳量平均每年为3.32×107t,其中稻谷、小麦、玉米、豆类秸秆露天焚烧释放的总碳量分别为9.88×106、9.93×106、11.14×106、2.22×106t。

Estimation of Carbon Emission from Burning of Grain Crop Residues in China

Biomass burning is the important source of gaseous pollutants,which has a strong impact on global atmospheric chemistry and climate change.Based on data of crop yield from 1999 to 2008 in China,the major grain crop residues output were calculated according to the ratio of residue/grain.The proportion and the amount of openly burned crop residues were quantitatively analyzed.The total amount of CO and CO2 emission were estimated according to the emission factors.We found that annually production of grain crop residues in China was about 4.9×108 t·a-1.The amount of openly burned residues in the field was about 0.94×108 t·a-1,which accounted 19% of the total production of grain crop residues.The annually emission of gaseous CO and CO2 were 9.19×106 t·a-1 and 1.07×108 t·a-1,respectively.The total carbon emission was 3.32×107 t·a-1,which could be shared by rice residue（9.88×106 t·a-1）,wheat residue（9.93×106 t·a-1）,corn residue（11.14×106 t·a-1）,and legume residue（2.22×106 t·a-1）,respectively.