不同改良剂对皖南烟田土壤性状及烤烟产量和品质的影响

通过布置田间小区试验,研究了不同农林废弃物制成的5种改良剂对烟稻轮作土壤性状和烤烟生长发育、产量和烟叶品质的影响。不同改良剂施入土壤后,土壤体积质量较不施改良剂的对照处理显著下降,而田间持水量明显提高,表明烟田土壤物理性状得到明显改善。改良剂能明显促进不同生育期烟株的生长:烟株团棵期,改良剂X1处理叶片宽显著高于对照;旺长期,X1、X2、X5处理叶长显著大于对照,且X5处理叶面积显著大于对照;成熟期,X1、X2、X5处理上部叶和下部叶长显著高于对照。改良剂能增加烟叶产量,尤其是改良剂X3、X5,明显增加了上等烟和中等烟的产量。改良剂X1、X2、X3处理上等烟总分显著高于对照,即改良剂处理烤出的上等烟综合品质更优。

Effects of Different Soil Amendments on South Anhui Tobacco- growing Soil and Flue-Cured Tobacco Yield and Quality

A field plot experiment was conducted in order to study the effects of five kinds of soil amendments made from different agricultural and forest residues on soil properties under tobacco-rice rotation and on flue-cured tobacco yield and quality. The results showed that: all the soil amendments improved the physical characteristics of tobacco-planting soil by decreasing soil bulk density and increasing soil field capacity. Soil amendments obviously improved the growth of tobacco plants: In rosette stage, leaf width of amendment X1 was significantly larger than CK; In fast-growing stage, leaf lengths of amendment X1, X2 and X5 were significantly larger than CK, leaf area of amendment X5 was significantly greater than CK; In mature stage, upper and lower leaf lengths of amendment X1, X2 and X5 were significantly higher than CK. Root weight had a significant correlation with flue-cured tobacco yield (r=0.907, P<0.05). Amendments, particularly X3 and X5 increased significantly tobacco yield compared to CK. Amendments increased the proportions of first-class and middle-class flue-cured tobacco compared to CK. Amendments improved the quality of tobacco leaf appearance, amendment X1, X2 and X3 significantly increased the total score of first-class flue-cured tobacco compared to CK. The above results provide the application prospect of the above soil amendments in south Anhui tobacco-planting soil.