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不同施肥处理对黄泥土微生物生物量碳氮和酶活性的影响
引用本文:路磊,李忠佩,车玉萍.不同施肥处理对黄泥土微生物生物量碳氮和酶活性的影响[J].土壤,2006,38(3):309-314.
作者姓名:路磊  李忠佩  车玉萍
作者单位:1. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京,210008;中国科学院研究生院,北京,100049
2. 中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京,210008
基金项目:中国科学院知识创新工程项目
摘    要:通过室内培育实验,研究了不同施肥处理对黄泥土微生物生物量C、N和脲酶、酸性磷酸酶、蔗糖酶活性的影响。培养过程中,单施化肥处理土壤微生物生物量C、N均呈下降趋势,施用有机肥处理的土壤微生物量C前期升高至一定水平后或保持稳定、或呈下降趋势,而微生物生物量N总体均呈下降趋势;不同施肥处理的脲酶活性呈前期上升后期下降趋势,而酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶则单施化肥处理呈上升趋势、配施有机肥处理呈下降趋势。与对照处理相比,单施化肥处理显著降低土壤微生物生物量C、N,高量施用化肥处理还显著降低土壤脲酶活性,但对酸性磷酸酶和蔗糖酶活性的影响并不明显。秸秆施用可显著提高土壤微生物生物量C、N和酶活性,特别是高量施用秸秆的效果更明显。施用猪粪由于同时带入了大量的活性养分,对土壤微生物生物量C、 N和酶活性的影响尚难评价。在高度集约农业利用下,继续保持较高的化肥施用量并不利于土壤生物质量的维护和提高,而秸秆直接还田才是保持土壤健康状态的有效措施。

关 键 词:施肥  黄泥土  微生物生物量碳氮  酶活性

Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols
LU Lei,LI Zhong-pei and CHE Yu-ping.Effects of Different Fertilization Treatments on Soil Microbial Biomass and Enzyme Activities in Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols[J].Soils,2006,38(3):309-314.
Authors:LU Lei  LI Zhong-pei and CHE Yu-ping
Institution:1 Institute of Soil science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China; 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Abstract:Soil microbial biomass and some enzyme activities in Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols under different fertilization treatments were investigated by the incubation experiments in the laboratory. Soil microbial biomass C and N under chemical fertilizer application increased during the incubation period, while soil microbial biomass C increased in the early period of the incubation and then remained stable or decreased, and soil microbial biomass N increased generally under the treatments of chemical fertilizer mixed with organic manure. Soil urease activity under different treatments increased in the early period of the incubation and decreased lately, and acid phosphatase and invertase activities increased under chemical fertilizer application and decreased under the treatments of chemical fertilizer mixed with organic manure during the incubation. Compared with the CK (without fertilizer application), the chemical fertilizer application reduced significantly the soil microbial biomass and soil urease activity, especially under high amount of chemical fertilizer application, but influenced insignificantly acid phosphatase and invertase. Straw application increased significantly soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities, especially under high amount of straw application. However, the influence of pig manure on soil microbial biomass and enzyme activities was still uncertain because of high nutrient input with its application. It suggested that high amount of chemical fertilizer applied continuously is not favourable for the highly-intensified agriculture to maintain and increase soil biological quality, but straw directly-returned to soil may be an effective measure to maintain soil healthy state.
Keywords:Incubation experiment  Fertilization  Soil microbial biomass  Enzyme activity  Hapli-Stagnic Anthrosols
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