沙地濒危植物长柄扁桃生物学特性与抗逆性及应用综述

揭示长柄扁桃生物学特性与抗逆性机理并提高其在荒漠化治理中的生态效益和经济效益,是实现西北旱区荒漠化治理可持续发展和提升生态脆弱区生态系统服务功能面临的重要科学问题。本文回顾了长柄扁桃研究所取得的进展,包括建立了长柄扁桃快速育苗和无灌溉水栽培技术,揭示了不同地区长柄扁桃生长规律及其对逆境的适应性,推进了长柄扁桃在荒漠化治理中的应用及其产品开发等;在此基础上,提出了长柄扁桃研究面临的机遇和挑战,包括长柄扁桃的适生土壤类型与耗水量,不同地区长柄扁桃的合理种植密度及其调控和管理措施,长柄扁桃抗逆性机理及其产品开发与高值综合利用等,以期为我国在西北地区推广和建设长柄扁桃林、优化水土资源管理和提高脆弱生态系统的服务功能提供科学依据。

Review on Biological Characteristics and Abiotic Stress Tolerance Mechanisms and Applications of Amygdalus pedunculata

Understanding the biological characteristics and abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms of Amygdalus pedunculata and increasing the ecological and economic benefits during its use for desertification control are important issues for achieving sustainable desertification control and improving ecosystem service function in the ecologically vulnerable areas. This paper reviews the recent progresses in the research of Amygdalus pedunculata, which include the development of technique in rapid seedling and cultivation without irrigation water, the studies of the characteristics of growth and adaptability to stress in different regions, and the promotion of the application of Amygdalus pedunculata in desertification control and its product development. Based on the previous achievements, we put forward the opportunities and challenges of research on Amygdalus pedunculata. The recommendations for future studies include the suitable soil types for Amygdalus pedunculata growth and the assessment of its water consumption, the optimum planting densities of Amygdalus pedunculata in different regions and the required management practices, the abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms of Amygdalus pedunculata and its product development and high value utilization. These research topics are of importance to the spread and construction of Amygdalus pedunculata forest, optimize the management of water and soil resources, and improve the ecosystem service function in fragile Northwest China.