曲靖烟区土壤磷锌互作对烟叶磷锌含量和品质的影响

利用田间调查采样及室内测定分析方法,分析了云南省曲靖市中海拔红壤烟区648个代表性烟田的土壤有效磷、有效锌含量及其互作对烟叶磷、锌含量和其品质的影响。结果表明:(1)土壤有效磷含量介于0.96~101.28 mg/kg,平均为31.34 mg/kg,35.80%的土样有效磷处于烤烟生长适宜范围(20~40 mg/kg);土壤有效锌含量丰富,介于0.20~23.68 mg/kg,平均为3.01 mg/kg,74.69%的土样有效锌含量处于烤烟生长适宜范围(1~4 mg/kg);(2)烟叶磷含量处于中等偏低水平,平均为1.9 g/kg,95.22%的烟样符合烟叶磷含量一般范围(1.5~6.0 g/kg);烟叶锌含量较高,平均为46.12 mg/kg,94.29%的烟样处于烟叶锌含量一般范围(20~80 mg/kg);(3)烟叶锌含量随土壤有效锌含量的升高而显著增加,随土壤有效磷含量的升高而降低;而烟叶磷含量与土壤有效磷和有效锌含量之间的关系不明显;(4)土壤有效磷和有效锌含量的交互作用对烟叶磷含量无显著影响,但对烟叶锌含量存在极显著影响,高含量的土壤有效磷会拮抗烟株对土壤有效锌的吸收;(5)土壤有效磷对烟叶品质影响较小,而土壤有效锌含量与烟叶化学成分及香气物质含量的相关性较密切。在土壤有效锌含量处于中低(2.0 mg/kg)水平,而土壤磷含量处于中等适宜(20~40 mg/kg)水平时,烟叶品质表现最好。

Effects of Interaction Between Soil Rapidly Available Phosphorus and Available Zinc on P and Zn Contents and Quality of Tobacco Leaves in Mid-altitude Area of Red Earth in Qujing

By using the methods of field survey and sampling as well as laboratory analysis method, this paper analyzed the contents of soil rapidly available phosphorus (RAP) and available zinc (AZ) in the red soils of the mid-altitude area in Qujing city of Yunnan Province and their interaction on phosphorous (P) and zinc (Zn) contents as well as the quality of tobacco leaves. The results showed that: 1) RAP content was generally at the low level, ranged from 0.96 mg/kg to 101.28 mg/kg, with an average of 31.34 mg/kg, RAP contents of 35.80% of the soil samples were in the range (20 ~ 40 mg/kg) suitable for tobacco growth; AZ content was abundant, ranged from 0.20 mg/kg to 23.68 mg/kg, with the mean of 3.01 mg/kg, AZ contents of 74.69% of the soil samples were in the range (1 ~ 4 mg/kg) suitable for tobacco growth; 2)P content in tobacco leaves was in the middle and low levels, with the mean of 1.9 g/kg, P contents of 95.22% of tobacco samples were in the general range (1.5 ~ 6.0 g/kg) in China; Zn content in tobacco leaves was high, with the mean of 46.12 mg/kg, Zn contents of 94.24% of tobacco samples were in the general range (20 ~ 80 mg/kg) in China; 3)P content in tobacco leaves changed irregularly with the changes of soil RAP and AZ contents; Zn content of tobacco leaves increased with the increase of soil AZ content but decreased with the increase of soil RAP content; 4)The interaction between soil RAP and AZ had no significant effect on P content in tobacco leaves but a significant effect on Zn content in tobacco leaves, and the high existence of RAP could inhibit tobacco absorbed soil AZ; 5)Soil RAP had little effect on the quality of tobacco leaves, while there was a significant correlation between soil AZ and the chemical components as well as aroma substances of tobacco leaves. Generally, tobacco leaf has a high quality when soil AZ content is ranged in the middle-low level and soil RAP content is ranged in the middle-suitable level.