富硒有机肥、复合肥和灌水量对番茄产量和品质的影响

以樱桃番茄"千禧"为供试材料,采用大田小区试验的方法,研究了膜下滴灌条件下富硒高钙有机肥和复合肥配比(每667 m2分别施50 kg复合肥(F1),500 kg富硒高钙有机肥+25 kg复合肥(F2),1 000 kg富硒高钙有机肥(F3))和灌水量(100%灌水量(W1)和80%灌水量(W2))对番茄产量和品质的影响。结果表明:(1)富硒高钙有机肥和复合肥配施,比使用同量氮磷钾的富硒高钙有机肥或复合肥,产量都显著提高;(2)随着富硒高钙有机肥施肥量比例的增加,番茄果实中硒含量、番茄红素含量、维生素C含量和可溶性糖含量均显著增加;(3)滴灌可以有效提高水分利用效率,80%灌水量在产量降低不显著的情况下,番茄果实中硒的含量和果实品质均有不同程度的提高。因此,膜下滴灌80%灌水量时,富硒高钙有机肥和复合肥配施(各占50%)在保证果实品质和硒含量达到富硒农产品标准的同时,产量达到最佳。

Effects of Se-enriched & High Calcium Organic Fertilizer, Compound Fertilizer and Irrigation Amount on Tomato Yield and Quality

With the cherry tomato "Millennium" as the test material, the effects of ratio of Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer (50 kg compound fertilizer per 667 m², 500 kg Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer + 25 kg compound fertilizer per 667 m², 1 000 kg Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer per 667 m²) and irrigation amount (100% irrigation amount, 80% irrigation amount) on tomato yield and quality under drip irrigation were studied. The results were as follows: 1) the yield of combination Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer with compound fertilizer was significantly higher than that of Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer or compound fertilizer with the same amount of NPK; 2) the contents of selenium, lycopene, vitamin C and soluble sugar in tomato fruit were significantly increased with the increase of the fertilizer amount of Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer; 3) drip irrigation effectively improved the utilization efficiency of water, and selenium content and tomato quality were improved under the condition 80% irrigation while the yield was not significantly reduced. Therefore, treatment of combination Se-enriched & high calcium organic fertilizer with compound fertilizer (equal weighting) and 80% irrigation with drip irrigation is more feasible, as tomato quality is significantly improved and tomato yield is guaranteed.