荆门市耕地不同利用方式土壤质量综合评价

为研究江汉平原荆门地区耕地不同利用方式土壤质量，以水田（水稻田、油稻田、麦稻田）、旱地土壤为研究对象，测定土壤有机质、全量氮磷钾硫、速效磷钾和重金属As、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb等15个指标，采用因子分析确定权重并以间距法进行肥力综合评价，以内梅罗综合指数法进行土壤环境综合评价，两者叠加构造矩阵进行土壤质量综合评价。结果表明：耕地土壤肥力总体较好，土壤肥力综合指数为4.45，以二等和三等为主，各养分指标含量中等及以上均超过60%，不同耕地利用方式土壤肥力不同，以油稻田最高，麦稻田次之，水稻田和旱地最低；耕地土壤环境质量较好，以清洁为主，不同耕地利用方式土壤环境不同，油稻田和麦稻田无轻度及以上污染，旱地有1.25%轻度污染，水田有1.27%中度污染，主要污染贡献为Cd和Hg。综合评价显示研究区耕地土壤质量较好，中等以上耕地占比98.93%，且以油稻田和麦稻田中等以上占比最高。

Soil Quality Comprehensive Evaluation of Farmlands Under Different Use Patterns in Jingmen City, Hubei Province

In order to provides reference for scientific utilization and rational fertilization of cultivated lang, soil quality of different cultivated land use patterns were studied in Jingmen area of Jianhan Plan. The soil of paddy field(paddy field, oil-paddy field, and wheat-paddy field) and dry land were selected to analyzed for organic matter, total contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, available contents of potassium, phosphorus, and heavy metals of As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb. Comprehensive fertility index was calculated by extracting the weight through factor analysis, and comprehensive assessment of soil environment by Nemerow integrated pollution index method. At last, superimposed soil fertility and environment to structure matrix to evaluated soil quality comprehensively. The results showed that the comprehensive index of cultivated land soil fertility was 4.45,suggesting overall soil fertility level was mainly of second and third grades, and each nutrient content of medium and above all exceeds 60%.The soil fertility of different cultivated land use modes was different, with oil paddy field being the highest, followed by wheat paddy field, and rice field and dry land being the lowest. The environmental quality of cultivated soil was mainly clean. The soil environment of different cultivated land use modes was different. Oil paddy fields and wheat paddy fields was not light pollution or above, dry lands had 1.25% light pollution, and paddy fields had 1.27% medium pollution, which main pollution contributions were Cd and Hg. The comprehensive evaluation shows that the soil quality of the cultivated land in the study area is good, with 98.93% of the cultivated land above the middle level, and the highest proportion of the cultivated land above the middle level in the oil rice field and wheat rice field.