艾比湖湿地不同盐渍化土壤粒度组成及可蚀性研究

为了研究内陆干旱区不同盐渍化土壤的粒径组成及其可蚀性的空间分布,在不同盐渍化程度上探讨其与土壤中盐分含量的相互关系,本研究以新疆维吾尔自治区艾比湖湿地为研究靶区,利用2015年5月获取的66个表层土壤样品,对土壤的粒度组成、含盐量、分形维数和可蚀性因子K值进行了研究。结果表明:样品中盐土占比达到59.09%,平均含盐量达131.59 g/kg,研究区内盐渍化现象既普遍又严重;土壤颗粒以粉粒和砂粒为主,随着盐渍化程度的加剧黏粒含量不断增加,砂粒含量则相反;土壤颗粒的分形维数D值介于2.14~2.60,平均值为2.45;随着盐渍化程度加剧,分形维数逐渐变大,K值也随之逐渐增大,盐土的K值最大达0.093;土壤可蚀性因子K值与含盐量的相关性较高(r=0.596**),在一定程度上可以说明,土壤的含盐量水平越高,K值越大,越容易被侵蚀。

Particle Size Distribution (PSD) and Erodibility of Soils Under Different Salinization Degrees in Ebinur Lake Wetland

This study is aimed to study the spatial distribution of PSDs and erodibility factor K of soils in the inland arid area as well as their relations with soil salinity. In total 66 surface soil samples were collected from the Ebinur Lake Wetland in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China in May of 2015, PSDs, salinities and organic carbon contents of soil samples were measured, and the fractal dimension Ds and erodibility factor K were calculated. The results showed that 59.09% of soil samples was salinized with a mean salt content of 131.59 g/kg, indicating salinization is common and serious in the study area. Soil particles were mainly silts and sands, clays increased but sands decreased with the increase of salinization degree. Soil fractal dimension D was between 2.14 ~ 2.60 with a mean value of 2.45. In addition, with the increase of salinization degree, D and K gradually increased, the maximum K was 0.093. The correlation between K and soil salinity was extremely significant (r= 0.596**), thus, to a certain extent, it could be concluded that the higher soil salinity, the higher K value and the more likely to be eroded.