蚯蚓堆肥与益生菌配施对西瓜地土壤肥力及微生物特性的影响

基于等量养分条件，本试验研究了蚯蚓堆肥与解淀粉芽孢杆菌(X)和荧光假单胞菌(Y)两株不同功能益生菌配施对西瓜地土壤肥力和微生物特性的影响。结果表明，不论添加益生菌与否，蚯蚓堆肥较单施化肥或常规堆肥均提高了土壤速效养分含量，显著增加了土壤微生物生物量和土壤酶活性，其中土壤 NO3–-N 含量较常规堆肥提高了14.7%。益生菌的添加活化了土壤养分，增加了土壤细菌、放线菌、解淀粉芽孢杆菌和荧光假单胞菌数量，降低了土壤真菌数量，同时显著提高了土壤酶活性。各处理比较而言，蚯蚓堆肥配施益生菌在土壤速效养分含量、土壤微生物生物量及土壤酶活性上提升作用最为明显，其中蚯蚓堆肥配施混合益生菌处理(VCXY)的土壤细菌数量和蔗糖酶活性相较于常规堆肥配施混合益生菌处理(CDXY)分别提高了32.0%和14.4%。方差分析结果表明，蚯蚓堆肥和常规堆肥与益生菌在土壤速效磷、速效钾、微生物生物量碳、细菌数量、真菌数量、脲酶及蔗糖酶活性上存在显著交互作用。综上所述，蚯蚓堆肥与益生菌配施可显著促进土壤肥力和微生物活性的改善，可替代部分化肥用于设施蔬菜的绿色生产和土壤培肥。

Effect of Interaction Between Vermicompost and Probiotics on Soil Fertility and Microbial Properties

The effects of the application of vermicompost mixed with two different functional probiotics Bacillus amyloliquefaciens X and Fluorescent pseudomonas Y to the fertility and microbial properties of watermelon soil were studied on the same nutrient level. The results showed that whether or not mixed with probiotics, compared with chemical fertilizer and conventional compost, vermicompost could improve the soil available nutrient content,increase the soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity significantly. In terms of soil NO3- content, the application of vermicompost was 14.7% higher than conventional compost. The application of probiotics promoted the activation of soil nutrients, increased the number of soil bacteria, actinomycetes, bacillus amyloliquefaciens and fluorescent pseudomonas, decreased the number of soil fungi, and improve the soil enzyme activity significantly. The application of vermicompost mixed with probiotics was more obvious in increasing soil available nutrient content, soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen, the amount of soil microbial biomass and enzyme activity than other treatments, and the soil bacteria number and invertase of vermicompost mixed with probiotics XY was 32.0% and 14.4% higher than conventional compost mixed with probiotics XY. Variance analysis showed that there were significant interactions between organic compost and probiotics on the soil available P, available K, microbial biomass carbon, bacteria and fungi numbers, urease and invertase activity. These results indicated that the vermicompost mixed with probiotics had significant effect on the improvement of watermelon soil fertility and microbial properties, which can be the good choice of the replacement of chemical fertilizers for protected vegetable green production and soil fertilities improvement.