酒糟等农业废弃物的堆肥化及水稻育秧基质研发

本试验旨在以农业有机废弃物酒糟为主要原料,制成高效水稻育秧基质。首先,以酒糟配合小麦秸秆、菇渣进行发酵腐熟试验,得到腐熟基质原料。然后,以蛭石、珍珠岩为辅料制成不同配比的基质进行水稻育秧试验,筛选高效水稻育秧基质。结果表明,通过堆肥发酵得到的腐熟堆肥,可作为水稻育秧基质的原料,以(酒糟+秸秆)堆肥60%+蛭石30%+珍珠岩10%(T6)处理的综合效果最好,其在水稻幼苗的株高,全氮、磷、钾含量,根系活力等方面显著优于市售商品基质(T8)处理,分别比T8处理增加13.94%、12.68%、24.62%、5.77%、15.78%,是较理想的水稻育秧基质。

Preparation of Rice Seedling Substrates by Composting Agricultural Waste Such as Lees

The purpose of this experiment is to prepare the efficient rice seedling substrate with agricultural organic waste of lees as the main raw material. First, wheat straws and mushroom residues were fermented and decomposed completely into substrate material, then vermiculite and perlite were added as the ingredients to produce various formula substrates for rice seedling experiment in order to secreen the optimal one. The results showed that the above raw materials could be used to prepare rice seedling substrates. The formula of 60% compost (lees + wheat straws) + 30% vermiculite + 10% perlite (Treatment T6) had a best comprehensive effect, the plant height, contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium as well as root activity of T6 treatment were 13.94%, 12.68%, 24.62%, 5.77% and 15.78% higher than those of the commercial rice seedling substrate (Treatment T8), respectively. The above results provide theoretical bases for the resource utilization of lees and other agricultural wastes and for the development of environment-friendly seedling substrates.