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改良剂对土壤酸碱度和烤烟生长及烟叶中重金属含量的影响
引用本文:姜超强,董建江,徐经年,沈 嘉,薛宝燕,祖朝龙.改良剂对土壤酸碱度和烤烟生长及烟叶中重金属含量的影响[J].土壤,2015,47(1):171-176.
作者姓名:姜超强  董建江  徐经年  沈 嘉  薛宝燕  祖朝龙
作者单位:安徽省农业科学院烟草研究所
基金项目:安徽省烟草公司科技项目 (20110551012;20120551002)和中国烟草总公司特色优质烟叶开发重大专项 (110201101006(ts-06))资助
摘    要:为筛选出高效安全的酸性植烟土壤改良剂,采用盆栽试验研究了不同改良剂(生石灰、白云石粉和熟石灰,用量为0.66 g/kg风干土)对酸性土壤p H、烟株生长和烟叶重金属吸收的影响。结果表明,施用石灰和白云石粉均能提高土壤p H,其中生石灰提高的幅度达到0.52单位;改良剂能够促进根系的生长,增加烟株干物质的积累,生石灰、白云石粉、熟石灰处理旺长期烟株总干重分别增加了13%、9%和17%;白云石粉处理增加了烟叶总糖、还原糖含量和糖碱比,石灰处理则降低了总糖和还原糖含量;白云石粉处理显著增加了烟叶的Cd含量,而石灰处理则降低了烟叶的Cd含量,但各处理烟叶中重金属含量均较低。综合考虑改良剂的效果和烟叶的安全性,石灰是烟区酸性土壤改良、提高烟叶产量和安全性的有效技术措施。

关 键 词:烤烟  酸性土壤  重金属  石灰  白云石粉

Effects of Soil Amendment on Soil pH, Plant Growth and Heavy Metal Accumulation of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Acid Soil
JIANG Chao-qiang,DONG Jian-jiang,XU Jing-nian,SHEN Ji,XUE Bao-yan,ZU Chao-long.Effects of Soil Amendment on Soil pH, Plant Growth and Heavy Metal Accumulation of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Acid Soil[J].Soils,2015,47(1):171-176.
Authors:JIANG Chao-qiang  DONG Jian-jiang  XU Jing-nian  SHEN Ji  XUE Bao-yan  ZU Chao-long
Institution:Tobacco Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Abstract:A pot experiment was carried out to study the effects of lime and dolomite powders on soil pH, the growth and heavy metal accumulation of flue-cured tobacco in acid tobacco-planting soil. Three amendments (CaO, dolomite powder, and Ca(OH)2 0.66 g/kg dry soil, respectively) were used in the present experiment. The results showed that soil pH of rhizosphere was increased by the application of lime and dolomite powders compared with the control. The increase of pH was higher than 0.52 units by the application of lime. The soil amendment promoted the growth of tobacco root and enhanced the accumulation of the dry mass of flue-cured tobacco. Compared with the control, in vigorous growing stage, the total dry weight of flue-cured tobacco were increased by 13%, 9% and 17% at the application of CaO, dolomite powder and Ca(OH)2, respectively. Total sugar, reducing sugar contents and the sugar / nicotine ratio of tobacco leaves was increased by the application of dolomite powder. However, the total sugar and reducing sugar contents were decreased in lime treatment. Cadmium (Cd) content of leaves was increased significantly by the treatment of dolomite powder, while reduced by the treatment of lime. The results suggest that application of lime and dolomite powder is an effective way to ameliorate soil acidity and increase the yield of flue-cured tobacco in acid soil. The heavy metal contents in flue-cured tobacco leaves are low. Taking the amendment effect and security of tobacco leaves into account, lime is an effective and safe amendment in acid soil.
Keywords:Flue-cured tobacco  Acid soil  Heavy metal  Lime  Dolomite powder
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