基于重金属和有益微量元素评价南方典型丘陵区稻田土壤健康质量——以奉新县为例

在已有相关研究的基础上,从影响耕地土壤健康的有益与不利因素两方面构建评价指标体系;运用内梅罗综合污染指数法对灌溉水环境质量、土壤重金属两个指标进行评价;采用最小因子法对有益微量元素进行评价;综合单一指标评价结果运用累加法进行了研究区稻田土壤健康评价。研究结果表明:①奉新县稻田灌溉水环境质量总体良好,95.59%的灌溉水水质清洁;全县99.31%的稻田土壤重金属级别为1级,稻田土壤重金属污染很少;全县稻田有益微量元素分值处于中等偏低水平,73.40%为0.2～0.4分,主要分布在东部平原区、西部山区的各乡镇。②全县稻田土壤总体健康状况较好,以2级健康居多,占比74.67%,健康级别在空间上呈现出中部高、东部与西部低的分布格局。

Evaluation of Soil Health Quality in Typical Hilly Areas of Southern China Based on Heavy Metals and Beneficial Trace Elements: A Case Studies in Fengxin County

Based on the existing relevant studies, this paper established an evaluation index system from both beneficial and unfavorable factors affecting the health of cultivated land soil in Fengxin County. Nemerow comprehensive pollution index was used to evaluate the environmental quality of the irrigation water and soil heavy metals, minimum factor method was used to evaluate the beneficial trace elements, comprehensive evaluation of paddy soil health was carried out by using the equal weight accumulation method combined with the results of three single indicators. The results showed that: 1) the quality of irrigation water was generally good, 95.59% of irrigation water was clean. 99.31% of paddy soil were in graded 1 of health metal levels, means heavy metal pollution seldom existed. The value of beneficial trace elements was in the levels of moderate-lower, with 73.40% of paddy soil was ranged between 0.2 to 0.4 in score, and mainly distributed in east plain and townships in west mountainous areas. 2) The overall health status of paddy soil in Fengxin County is good, 74.67% was in grade 2, and health level is higher in the middle and lower in the east and west.