结皮量与含水率对尾矿风蚀影响的风洞模拟研究

尾矿风蚀是影响周边环境空气质量和人体健康的重要原因。以喀拉通克铜镍矿加乌尔尾矿库尾矿为研究对象,通过风洞实验,在不同风速条件下对不同含水率和结皮量尾矿的风蚀率、输沙结构和输沙率、颗粒碰撞数和能量进行研究。结果表明：尾矿风蚀率、输沙率、颗粒碰撞数和能量随着实验风速的增加而增加,随着尾矿含水率和结皮量的增加而减小。首次出现颗粒碰撞的风速随着尾矿含水率和结皮量的增加而增加。尾矿输沙主要集中在3cm高度内,占总输沙的50%以上。在结皮不被吹破的情况下,结皮的抗风蚀效果要优于含水率,因此,对于不同的风速,达到较好抗风蚀效果所需结皮量不同,10m/s以下风速任何结皮量均能有效降低地表风蚀,12m/s需25g以上结皮量,14m/s需要50g以上结皮量,而尾矿含水率在实验风速下需达到2.72%以上才有较好的抗风蚀效果。

Wind Tunnel Simulation of Effects of Crust Quantity and Moisture on Wind Erosion of Tailings

Wind erosion of tailings is an important factor affecting ambient air quality and human health. Taking tailings as the research object, through wind tunnel experiments, the variation characteristics of wind erosion rate, sand flow structure, sand transport rate, particle collision number and energy with different water content and crusts under different wind speed conditions were studied. The results show that : The wind erosion rate, sand transport rate, particle collision number and energy of tailings increase with the increase of experimental wind speed, but decrease with the increase of water content and crusted amount of tailings.The wind speed of particle collision for the first time increases with the increase of water content and crusted amount of tailings.Tailings sediment transport is mainly concentrated within 3cm height, accounting for more than 50% of the total sediment transport.Under the condition that the crust is not blown, the wind erosion resistance of the crust is better than the water content. Therefore, for different wind speeds, the amount of crust required to achieve a good wind erosion resistance is different. Any amount of crust under 10m/s can effectively reduce the surface wind erosion, 12m/s requires more than 25g of crust, 14m/s requires more than 50g of crust.The water content of tailings should reach more than 2.72% under the experimental wind speed to have a good wind erosion resistance effect.