补灌与施肥对甜菜干物质积累、产糖量及养分吸收的影响

通过研究甜菜在雨养条件下施肥和施肥后补灌对甜菜干物质积累、产量、产糖量和养分吸收的影响规律，可以为甜菜栽培中施肥和灌溉提供理论依据。试验在田间条件下，设置雨养无肥(对照)、雨养施肥、补灌施肥3个处理，大区试验设计，3次重复。结果表明：收获期补灌与雨养施肥处理相比显著提高了甜菜总干物质积累量和产糖量；补灌施肥、雨养施肥与无肥处理相比显著提高了地上部和总干物质积累量、产量、产糖率和产糖量；收获期补灌与雨养施肥处理相比显著降低了甜菜地下部、地上部氮吸收量和总氮、总钾吸收量，雨养施肥与无肥处理相比显著提高了总氮、总钾吸收量；收获期补灌与雨养施肥处理相比显著提高了甜菜地下部、地上部干物质积累量和总磷吸收量，雨养施肥与不施肥处理相比显著提高了地上部干物质积累量和总磷吸收量。综合分析认为，补灌与雨养施肥处理相比利于促进甜菜生长发育，提高产量、产糖量和磷吸收量，降低甜菜对氮、钾的吸收量，建议在5—6月发生季节性干旱时进行人工补灌。

Effects of supplemental irrigation and fertilization on dry matter accumulation, sugar production and nutrient uptake in Beta vulgaris L.

The test studied the effects of fertilization under rain-fed conditions and supplemental irrigation after fertilization on dry matter accumulation, yield, sugar production and nutrient absorption of Beta vulgaris L., and it wants to provide a theoretical basis for fertilization and irrigation in Beta vulgaris L. cultivation. The experiment was carried out under field conditions, it was set three treatments of rainfed without fertilizer (control), rainfed fertilization, and supplemental irrigation and fertilization, the large-scale experimental design and it was repeated three times. The results show that: the total dry matter accumulation and sugar yield in supplemental irrigation treatment was significantly higher than rainfed fertilization treatment in the harvesting period; aboveground and total dry matter accumulation, yield, sugar yield and sugar yield of supplementary irrigation and rain-fed fertilization was significantly higher than no-fertilizer treatment on harvest period; the underground, above-ground and total nitrogen and total potassium uptake of Beta vulgaris L. in supplementary irrigation treatment was significantly lower than rain-fed fertilization treatment on harvest period, total nitrogen and total potassium uptake in rain-fed fertilization was significantly higher than it in no-fertilizer treatment; the underground, aboveground and total phosphorus uptake of supplemental irrigation was significantly higher than rain-fed fertilization treatment on harvest period, underground and total phosphorus uptake of rain-fed fertilization treatment was significantly higher than it in no-fertilizer treatment. Comprehensive analysis shows that supplemental irrigation is beneficial to promote Beta vulgaris L. growth and development and increase yield, sugar production, phosphorus absorption, and reduce nitrogen and potassium absorption compared with rainfed fertilization treatment, it is recommended to carry out appropriate artificial supplementary irrigation in May-June when occurs seasonal drought.