我国部分油田土壤及油泥的石油污染初步研究

通过对大庆、胜利、江汉和江苏油田油井周边土壤以及胜利油田部分油泥的初步调查,发现在胜利、大庆油田油井周围100m范围内采集的土壤其含油量大多数高于临界值(500mg/kg);油田的接转站、联合站的油罐、沉降罐、污水罐产生的油泥以及隔油池的底泥也会污染土壤。土壤受石油污染后,使土壤有机C显著增加,对全N、水解N、有效P、速效K、pH等无显著影响。石油污染土壤中C、N、P比例严重失调,因此在进行石油污染土壤修复时需要补充适量N、P营养元素,以增强土壤中微生物的活性,加快石油的分解。

A Survey of Petroleum Contamination in Several Chinese Oilfield Soils

The oil concentrations in the soils around the oil wells of Jianghan,Jiangsu,Daqing and Shengli oilfields were determined firstly and then the influence of petroleum on the physico-chemical prosperities of soils were studied in this paper. The study showed the oil concentration in most of the soil samples from Shengli and Daqing oilfields exceeded the critical value and the petroleum contamination led to an increase in soil organic carbon but had no effect on soil pH,total N,hydrolysable N,available P and available K. The results indicated that addition of N,P was needed in bioremediation of petroleum-contaminated soil. The study also showed that the oily sludge was an important contamination source to the soil.