土壤磷素流失的途径、环境影响及对策

土壤长期过量的P肥(包括化肥和有机肥)投入导致土壤P素水平的提高,从而加大了土壤P素流失的风险。大部分水体富营养化的限制因素是P,土壤P的流失是重要的非点源污染。本文对国内外有关土壤P管理的研究做一综述,内容包括土壤P对水体富营养化的贡献、土壤P的流失途径及影响因素、系列水体P和土壤P指数、土壤P流失控制对策(土地利用管理、立法、政策的改变)等。

SOIL PHOSPHORUS LOSS TO WATER:ITS PATHWAYS, ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT, AND COUNTERMEASURES

Long-term high input of P to the soil has resulted in elevated levels of soil P and increased potential of P loss from the soil. Eutrophication of most freshwater bodies is limited by P. Phosphorus loss from agricultural land accelerates eutrophication of lakes and streams, and is an important component of nonpoint-source pollution. This paper provides a brief review of the literature available, including contribution of soil P to waterbody eutrofication, soil P loss pathways and limiting factors, a series of indices for P in water and soil, strategies for controlling P loss (such as land use management, legislation, policy, etc.).