稻秸秆覆盖对麦田细菌种群数量及小麦纹枯病发生的影响

采用稀释平板计数法分析了秸杆覆盖麦田和未秸杆覆盖麦田的细菌数量变化,并系统调查了小麦纹枯病的发生。结果表明,秸杆覆盖麦田总细菌及荧光假单胞菌数量比未秸秆覆盖麦田有明显的提高;稻秸杆覆盖有增加麦田总细菌和荧光假单胞菌的效应,前期高于后期;秸杆覆盖田块和未秸杆覆盖田块小麦根际拮抗菌所占比例无显著差异,90%以上的荧光假单胞菌对小麦纹枯病菌具拮抗能力;秸杆覆盖田小麦纹枯病发生比未秸杆覆盖田有明显降低。

Effects of Straw Mulching on Population Number of Bacteria in Wheat Field and Incidence of Wheat Sharp Eye-Spot

In order to define the effect of straw-mulching on population number of bacteria in wheat fields and the relationship between straw-mulching and wheat sharp eye-spot, variation of population of bacteria was analysed with the dilution plate counting method and incidence of wheat sharp eye-spot investigated. Results showed that the total number of bacteria and fluorescent pseudomonads was much higher in straw-mulched plots than in not -mulched. The effect of straw-mulching on total number of bacteria and fluorescent pseudomonads was greater in the earlier stage than in the later stage. No significant difference was found in the proportion of antagnistical bacteia between straw-mulched and not-mulched fields. More than 90% of the fluorescent pseudomonad strains were antagonistic to Rhizoctonia cerealis. The incidence of wheat sharp eye-spot in straw-mulched fields was lower than in not-mulched.