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不同施氮量和施氮方式对稻田氨挥发损失的影响
引用本文:邓美华,尹斌,张绍林,朱兆良,石孝均.不同施氮量和施氮方式对稻田氨挥发损失的影响[J].土壤,2006,38(3):263-269.
作者姓名:邓美华  尹斌  张绍林  朱兆良  石孝均
作者单位:1. 西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆,400716;土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京,210008
2. 土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室(中国科学院南京土壤研究所),南京,210008
3. 西南农业大学资源环境学院,重庆,400716
基金项目:教育部科学技术研究项目;中国科学院知识创新工程项目
摘    要:采用密闭室法研究苏南地区稻麦轮作体系中,不同施N量和施N方式对水稻和小麦生育期氨挥发损失的影响。结果表明,优化施肥能明显降低稻-麦轮作系统中的氨挥发损失,在整个稻麦轮作体系中,优化和习惯的氨挥发损失占N肥施用量的百分比分别为7.05%±1.37%和9.81%±0.38%。稻季与麦季的氨挥发损失差异显著。稻季氨挥发损失量与N肥施用量呈乘幂关系上升,麦季则呈正的线性关系。水稻施肥后氨挥发持续的时间短,主要发生在施肥后1周以内,麦季持续时间较长,在施肥后10天左右。稻季和麦季的基肥阶段是主要的氨挥发时期,占各自氨挥发损失N的50%左右。

关 键 词:水旱轮作  优化施肥  习惯施肥  氨挥发

Effects of Rate and Method of N Application on Ammonia Volatilization in Paddy Fields
DENG Mei-hu,YIN Bin,ZHANG Shao-lin,ZHU Zhao-liang and SHI Xiao-jun.Effects of Rate and Method of N Application on Ammonia Volatilization in Paddy Fields[J].Soils,2006,38(3):263-269.
Authors:DENG Mei-hu  YIN Bin  ZHANG Shao-lin  ZHU Zhao-liang and SHI Xiao-jun
Institution:Resource and Environment College, Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, China;State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing 210008, China,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing 210008, China,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing 210008, China,State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture(Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences), Nanjing 210008, China and Resource and Environment College, Southwest Agricultural University, Chongqing 400716, China
Abstract:A continuous airflow enclosure chamber method was used to study ammonia volatilization from paddy field under the rice-wheat rotation system in South Jiangsu and effects of rate and method of nitrogen fertilizer application on ammonia emission from the field during the rice and wheat growing periods.Results showed that ammonia volatilization could be obviously reduced under the rice-wheat rotation system by optimizing fertilization,N loss through ammonia volatilization accounted for 7.05%±1.37% and 9.81%±0.38%,respectively,of the total N applied for optimized and traditional ways of fertilization.The difference in ammonia volatilization between the rice season (water-logged) and the wheat season (dry) was notable.During the rice season N loss through volatilization rose with the application rate of nitrogen fertilizer,showing a power relationship while during the wheat season,a linear relationship.In the rice field,ammonia volatilization lasted short,and took place within a week after N application,while in the wheat field,it lasted longer for about ten days.Almost 50% of the ammonia volatilization took place during the basal dressing period in either rice or wheat season.
Keywords:Rice-wheat rotation  Optimized method  Traditional method  Ammonia volatilization
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