土壤系统分类中土壤水热状况的确定方法及应用研究——以山西省为例

土壤温度和水分状况作为表征土壤特性的重要参数,在土壤系统分类中是某些分类单元划分的重要依据。而现有的土壤水热状况估算方法存在数据不易获取、计算过程复杂等问题,在野外土壤调查及土壤系统分类工作中的适用性不强。本文提出一个基于气象数据的土壤水热状况快速估算方法,并结合山西省实地调查的75个剖面数据,对其在土壤系统分类中的应用进行探讨,以期为区域野外土壤调查及土壤系统分类工作提供借鉴和参考。结果表明:1基于气象数据的土壤温度估算方法在山西地区具有较好的适用性,其估算结果能代替土壤温度实测值来研究该区域的土壤温度状况;2基于气象数据的土壤水分状况估算结果仅适用于不受地下水影响的地带性土壤水分状况的确定,而对于受地下水影响的区域需根据土壤所处的实际水分环境状况进行分析和判定;3土壤水热状况在中国土壤系统分类中的分选性强,在野外土壤调查及土壤系统分类时,应特别注意区域土壤水热状况的差别。

Determination Method and Application of Soil Temperature Regime and Soil Moisture Regime in Chinese Soil Taxonomy ——A Case Study of Shanxi Province

Soil temperature and moisture regimes are two important parameters for characterize soil properties, they are important basis for the division of some categories in Soil Taxonomy. However, the existing estimate methods have many problems, for example, the data is difficult to obtain, the calculation process is complex, the accuracy of the estimation results is low, the applicability of the existing estimate methods are weak in the field of soil survey and Soil Taxonomy. This paper presents a method which based on the meteorological data for rapid estimation of soil temperature regimes and soil moisture regimes , and discusses the application of the method in Soil Taxonomy which based on the 75 profile data of the field survey in Shanxi Province, in order to provide reference for the regional field of soil survey and Soil Taxonomy. The results show: (1) The applicability of the new estimate method is favorable in the field of Soil Taxonomy, and the results can be used to replace the measured values of the soil temperature in Shanxi region; (2) The result of the soil moisture regimes which estimated by the new method is only suitable for the region where is not affected by the ground water, and the area affected by the ground water should be analyzed and determined according to the actual condition of the water environment in the soil; (3) The classification of soil temperature and moisture regimes is favorable in Soil Taxonomy, so special attention should be paid to the difference of soil temperature and moisture regimes in the field of soil survey and Soil Taxonomy.