赤红壤水问题及其管理——以闽南漳浦县为例

本文叙述了闽南低丘台地上赤红壤水问题及其有效管理。指出了该区年降雨量虽然丰沛,但仍小于年蒸发量,季节性干旱和土壤高温非常严重,成为影响该区农业生产的主要障碍。而赤红壤的总库容、贮水库容和有效水库容都较小,进一步促进了旱情的发展,在气候、土壤、植被、水文、地形等因素综合作用下,赤红壤旱地水分问题显得特别突出,其上作物易遭受干旱的胁迫。完善灌溉设施,有计划发展喷灌、滴灌以及进行地表覆盖,能有效提高水资源的利用率。

WATER PROBLEM IN LATERITIC RED SOIL AND ITS MANAGEMENT--A Case Study of Zhangpu County in Southern Fujian Province

The water problem of lateritic red soil in the hilly and platform region of Southern Fujian and its effective management are described in this paper, which shows that the annual precipitation, though abundant, is still much less than annual evaporation capacity in this area. The soil suffers severe seasonal drought and high temperature. It is becoming one of the primary barriers retarding agricultural production. The soil water volumetric capacity, water-storage capacity, and especially the available water-storage capacity, in lateritic red soil are quite small and the water content in the soil available to plant growth is limited, which promote the further development of the drought problem. Under the comprehensive influence of the climate, soil, plant, hydrographical condition and landform, the water problem becomes predominant in lateritic red soil, threatening the crops thereon. It is essential to consummate irragation installations and facilities and develop sprinkling and drip irrigation in a planned way, which may be an effective way to increase water use efficiency on lateritic red soil.