盐渍土壤特征及改良措施研究进展

全球盐渍土壤面积大、分布广，且近年来在自然和人为因素等综合影响下，土壤盐渍化进程加速。盐渍化对土壤环境以及作物生长发育造成严重不良影响，盐渍土壤改良对改善土壤环境、提高作物生产力尤为重要。我国盐渍土壤占世界盐渍土壤面积近1/10，盐渍土壤复垦和土壤盐渍化防治已成为我国农业可持续发展的当务之急。因此，采取适当且具有成本优势的措施缓解盐渍土壤对作物生长的影响，已成为我国农业技术发展的重要需求。本文总结了盐渍土壤特征，从降盐措施、改良及培肥措施、生物应对措施3个方面综述了盐渍土壤改良途径，为进一步开展盐渍土壤改良研究提供理论支撑。

Progresses for Characteristics and Amelioration Measures of Saline Soil

Saline soil has a large area and wide distribution in the world. In recent years, the process of soil salinization has been accelerated under the comprehensive action of natural and man-made factors. Soil salinization has serious adverse effects on soil environment and crop growing. So the study of saline soil improvement is particularly important to improve soil environment and increase crop productive forces. China''s saline soil occupies nearly one tenth of the world''s saline soil area. Reclamation of saline soil and prevention of soil salinization have become the top priority of agricultural sustainable development in China. Therefore, taking appropriate and cost-effective measures to alleviate the impact of saline soil on crop growth has become an important need for the development of agricultural technology in China. This paper summarizes the characteristics of saline soil. Then the improvement measures of salinized soil are summarized from three aspects: salt reduction measures, improvement and fertilization measures, biological response measures. This study hope to provide theoretical support for further research on salinized soil amelioration.