不同种植方式对温室土壤微形态的影响

以河北曲周长期定位试验站的温室菜田土壤为研究对象,研究常规种植、无公害种植、有机种植3种不同的种植方式对土壤微形态特征的影响。结果表明:有机种植下,土壤结构疏松;土壤团聚体发育良好,大团聚体数量较多;有机质含量增加100%;土壤孔隙的面积百分比最大,表层孔隙度达到了32%,当量孔径0.1 mm孔隙比例最高,即有助于提高通气孔隙含量,增加土壤的通气性。因此,有机种植条件下土壤结构疏松、发育良好,易形成适合作物生长的良好土壤结构;常规种植条件下,土壤结构较为紧实,发育程度较低;无公害种植条件下,土壤结构发育程度居于两者之间。

Effects of Different Planting Patterns on Soil Micro Structure in Greenhouse

The greenhouse soils under the three different planting patterns from Quzhou County of Hubei Province were used to investigate the effects of planting patterns on soil micro morphological characteristics. Results indicated that the soil matrix and soil aggregates were well-developed and soil organic matters were increased by 100% under the organic planting conditions, compared with conventional cultivation. The organic planting led to the largest soil pore area and soil surface porosity reached 32%. The organic planting also improved the ventilation pore content and increased the ventilation of the soil with the highest pore proportion of >0.1 mm. Under the conditions of conventional cultivation, soil structure was tight and lower developed. Under the conditions of pollution-free cultivation, the development degree of soil structure was bigger than that under the conditions of conventional cultivation, but less than that under organic planting conditions. Therefore, soil structure was loose and well developed under the conditions of organic cultivation for the crop growth.