全国水土保持功能年度价值评价研究

依据《中华人民共和国水土保持法释义》对水土保持功能的定义,分析了水土保持设施、地貌植被所发挥或蕴藏的有利于保护水土资源、防灾减灾、改善生态、促进社会进步等作用的内涵。在借鉴国内外先进经验和研究成果基础上,结合我国水土流失特点、水土保持现状,界定出水土保持功能价值概念。采用生态经济学计量方法,结合实际调研情况,分析各个指标之间的逻辑关系,建立了水土保持功能价值评价模型。按照国家水土保持区划一级分区,适当考虑二级分区和三级分区,以及全国水土流失动态监测站网分布概况,收集39个典型县(市、区)2016年度的土壤、水文、气象等观测资料,测算出其水土保持功能价值,进而推算至全类型区,再从8个水土保持一级分区的水土保持功能价值推算出2016年度全国水土保持功能价值,并在对测算结果进行分析讨论的基础上,对国家制定水土保持生态文明对策提出了建议。

Evaluation on Annual Value of National Soil and Water Conservation Function

The paper analyzed the connotation of the function of protecting soil and water resources,preventing and reducing disasters,improving ecology and promoting social progress,which played or contained in soil and water conservation facilities and landscape vegetation,according to the definition of soil and water conservation function of Interpretation of the Law of the People’s Republic of China on Soil and Water Conservation. Combined with the characteristics of soil and water loss and current situation of soil and water conservation in China,it defined the concept of functional value of soil and water conservation,on the basis of learning from the advanced experience and research results at home and abroad. Combined with actual investigation,it analyzed the logical relationship among indicators,established the function value evaluation model of soil and water conservation by ecological econometric method. According to the primary division of national soil and water conservation regionalization,and with due regard to the secondary and tertiary division and the distribution of national dynamic monitoring stations of soil and water loss,it collected observation data on soil,hydrology,meteorology,runoff and sediment production in 2016 of selected typical counties,cities and districts,calculated the function value of soil and water conservation of the selected typical counties,cities and districts,and then the whole type area. It calculated the functional value of national soil and water conservation in 2016 from the functional value of soil and water conservation of the eight primary division of soil and water conservation. In the end,suggestions were put forward for the country to formulate the countermeasures of soil and water conservation ecological civilization based on the discussion and analysis of the measurement results.