黄河流域水库拦截泥沙量的计算及泥沙分布特征

根据黄河输沙量等观测资料,提出了一个简便的用于计算流域水库拦截泥沙量的公式。据对1950—2003年黄河流域水库拦截的泥沙量进行计算,54年来拦截的泥沙总量为196亿t,其中大约有70%的泥沙分布在三门峡和小浪底水库库区。研究指出,对现有黄河干流控制性水库制定科学的调水调沙方案,对在建和拟建的水库采取积极的调水调沙设计,制定黄河流域系统的水沙调配总体方案,将有利于解决黄河下游和三角洲地区与水沙有关的一系列环境问题。

Calculation of Reservoir-Retained Sediment and Characteristic of Sediment Distribution of the Yellow River Basin

(1.Nanjing University,Nanjing,Jiangsu 210093,China;2.Henan University,Kaifeng,Henan 475001,China)It puts forward a simple formula for calculating the quantity of sediment retained by reservoirs according to the observed data of sediment discharge of the Yellow River.According to the calculation of reservoir-retained sediment during the period of 1950-2003,the total retained volume of sediment in 54 years is 19.6 billion tons,of which,about 70% is distributed in Sanmenxia and Xiaolangdi reservoirs.It points out that drafting scientific water regulation scheme for the existing key reservoirs on the Yellow River,adopting positive design for a regulated discharge regime of the reservoirs that are under construction and are planning to be built and preparing an overall plan of water and sediment regulation of the river basin system will be propitious to the solution of a series environmental issues related with water and sediment in the lower reaches and delta area of the Yellow River.